महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-93, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
काल्यमानेषु सैन्येषु शैनेयेन ततस्ततः ।
भारद्वाजः शरव्रातैर्महद्भिः समवाकिरत् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
kālyamāneṣu sainyeṣu śaineyena tatastataḥ ,
bhāradvājaḥ śaravrātairmahadbhiḥ samavākirat.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca kālyamāneṣu sainyeṣu śaineyena tataḥ
tataḥ bhāradvājaḥ śaravrātaiḥ mahadbhiḥ samavākirat

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca śaineyena tataḥ tataḥ kālyamāneṣu
sainyeṣu bhāradvājaḥ mahadbhiḥ śaravrātaiḥ samavākirat

1. Saṃjaya said: As the armies were being harried on all sides by Śaineya (Satyaki), Droṇa (Bhāradvāja) deluged them with great multitudes of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• काल्यमानेषु (kālyamāneṣu) - when being driven, when being harried

• सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - in the armies

• शैनेयेन (śaineyena) - by Śaineya (Satyaki)

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, hither

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, thither

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Bhāradvāja (Droṇa)

• शरव्रातैः (śaravrātaiḥ) - with multitudes of arrows, with hosts of arrows

• महद्भिः (mahadbhiḥ) - by great (multitudes), with great (multitudes)

• समवाकिरत् (samavākirat) - he showered, he scattered all over

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

काल्यमानेषु (kālyamāneṣu) - when being driven, when being harried

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of kālyamāṇa

kālyamāṇa - being driven, being urged, being harried

present passive participle (causative)

From causative root kal + passive suffix -yamāṇa

Root: kal (class 10)

सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - in the armies

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host of soldiers

शैनेयेन (śaineyena) - by Śaineya (Satyaki)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - descendant of Śini; Satyaki

patronymic from Śini

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, hither

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here in repetition 'tataḥ tataḥ' meaning 'hither and thither' or 'on all sides'.

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, thither

(indeclinable)

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Bhāradvāja (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja; Droṇa

patronymic from Bharadvāja

शरव्रातैः (śaravrātaiḥ) - with multitudes of arrows, with hosts of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaravrāta

śaravrāta - multitude of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vrāta)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vrāta – multitude, host, group
  noun (masculine)

महद्भिः (mahadbhiḥ) - by great (multitudes), with great (multitudes)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

समवाकिरत् (samavākirat) - he showered, he scattered all over

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)