महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-80, verse-9

स वानरवरो राजन्पताकाभिरलंकृतः ।
त्रासयामास तत्सैन्यं ध्वजो गाण्डीवधन्वनः ॥९॥

9. sa vānaravaro rājanpatākābhiralaṁkṛtaḥ ,
trāsayāmāsa tatsainyaṁ dhvajo gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ.

9. saḥ vānaravaraḥ rājan patākābhiḥ alaṃkṛtaḥ
trāsayāmāsa tat sainyam dhvajaḥ gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ

9. rājan gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ saḥ patākābhiḥ alaṃkṛtaḥ
vānaravaraḥ dhvajaḥ tat sainyam trāsayāmāsa

9. O king, that banner (dhvaja) of Arjuna (gāṇḍīvadhanvan), which bore the emblem of the supreme monkey (vānaravara) and was adorned with smaller flags, terrified that army.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• वानरवरः (vānaravaraḥ) - the supreme monkey (Hanuman) on the banner (best of monkeys, supreme monkey)

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• पताकाभिः (patākābhiḥ) - with smaller flags/pennants (with flags, with banners)

• अलंकृतः (alaṁkṛtaḥ) - adorned, decorated

• त्रासयामास (trāsayāmāsa) - caused terror, frightened

• तत् (tat) - that

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army

• ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner, flag

• गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - of Arjuna (gāṇḍīvadhanvan) (of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'dhvajaḥ'.

वानरवरः (vānaravaraḥ) - the supreme monkey (Hanuman) on the banner (best of monkeys, supreme monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānaravara

vānaravara - best of monkeys, supreme monkey

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vānara+vara)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, choice
  adjective

Note: Part of the description of the 'dhvajaḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पताकाभिः (patākābhiḥ) - with smaller flags/pennants (with flags, with banners)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of patākā

patākā - flag, banner, pennant

अलंकृतः (alaṁkṛtaḥ) - adorned, decorated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alaṃkṛta

alaṁkṛta - adorned, decorated, embellished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' with upasarga 'alam'.

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agreeing with 'dhvajaḥ'.

त्रासयामास (trāsayāmāsa) - caused terror, frightened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of tras

Perfect 3rd person singular (causative)

Causative stem 'trāsaya', Perfect 'āmāsa' ending.

Root: tras (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agreeing with 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - banner, flag

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard

गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - of Arjuna (gāṇḍīvadhanvan) (of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - having Gāṇḍīva for a bow; an epithet of Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow; an archer
  noun (masculine)