महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-80, verse-5

ते ध्वजाः संवृतास्तेषां पताकाभिः समन्ततः ।
नानावर्णविरागाभिर्विबभुः सर्वतो वृताः ॥५॥

5. te dhvajāḥ saṁvṛtāsteṣāṁ patākābhiḥ samantataḥ ,
nānāvarṇavirāgābhirvibabhuḥ sarvato vṛtāḥ.

5. te dhvajāḥ saṃvṛtāḥ teṣām patākābhiḥ samantataḥ
nānāvarṇavirāgābhiḥ vibabhuḥ sarvataḥ vṛtāḥ

5. teṣām te dhvajāḥ samantataḥ nānāvarṇavirāgābhiḥ
patākābhiḥ saṃvṛtāḥ sarvataḥ vṛtāḥ vibabhuḥ

5. Those banners belonging to them were covered all around by flags of various splendid colors; thus enveloped on all sides, they shone brilliantly.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those

• ध्वजाः (dhvajāḥ) - banners, flags

• संवृताः (saṁvṛtāḥ) - covered, surrounded, furnished (with)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• पताकाभिः (patākābhiḥ) - by flags, by streamers

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, on all sides

• नानावर्णविरागाभिः (nānāvarṇavirāgābhiḥ) - by flags having various splendid colors

• वबभुः (vababhuḥ) - they shone, they appeared splendid

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, completely

• वृताः (vṛtāḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

ध्वजाः (dhvajāḥ) - banners, flags

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard

Root: dhvaj (class 1)

संवृताः (saṁvṛtāḥ) - covered, surrounded, furnished (with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped, furnished with

Past Passive Participle

From 'sam' + root 'vṛ' (to cover).

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the owners of the banners.

पताकाभिः (patākābhiḥ) - by flags, by streamers

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of patākā

patākā - small banner, streamer, flag

Root: pat (class 1)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, on all sides

(indeclinable)

From 'samanta' (surrounding) + 'tas' suffix.

नानावर्णविरागाभिः (nānāvarṇavirāgābhiḥ) - by flags having various splendid colors

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of nānāvarṇavirāgā

nānāvarṇavirāgā - having diverse splendid colors, having varied beautiful hues

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nānāvarṇa+virāga)

• nānāvarṇa – various colors, manifold colors
  noun (masculine)
  Karmadhāraya compound: 'various colors'.
• virāga – splendor, beauty of color, change of color
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vi' + root 'rañj' (to color) + 'ghañ' suffix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rañj (class 1)

वबभुः (vababhuḥ) - they shone, they appeared splendid

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Reduplicated perfect form of 'bhū' with 'vi' prefix. 3rd person plural.

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - on all sides, completely

(indeclinable)

From 'sarva' (all) + 'tas' suffix.

वृताः (vṛtāḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped, chosen

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround).

Root: vṛ (class 5)