महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-77, verse-8

ऐश्वर्यमदसंमूढो नैष दुःखमुपेयिवान् ।
न च ते संयुगे वीर्यं जानाति पुरुषर्षभ ॥८॥

8. aiśvaryamadasaṁmūḍho naiṣa duḥkhamupeyivān ,
na ca te saṁyuge vīryaṁ jānāti puruṣarṣabha.

8. aiśvaryamadasaṃmūḍhaḥ na eṣaḥ duḥkham upeyivān
na ca te संयुगे वीर्यम् जानाति पुरुषर्षभ

8. aiśvaryamadasaṃmūḍhaḥ eṣaḥ duḥkham na upeyivān
puruṣarṣabha ca te vīryam saṃyuge na jānāti

8. Deluded by the intoxication of power, this one has not experienced suffering. Nor does he know your valor (vīrya) in battle, O best among men (puruṣarṣabha).

Words meanings summery:

• ऐश्वर्यमदसंमूढः (aiśvaryamadasaṁmūḍhaḥ) - deluded by the intoxication of power/lordship

• न (na) - not, no

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - This one (referring to Duryodhana) (this one, he)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain, misery

• उपेयिवान् (upeyivān) - has experienced, has obtained, has undergone

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• ते (te) - your

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor, strength, prowess, virility

• जानाति (jānāti) - knows, understands

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O Arjuna, excellent man. (O best among men (puruṣa))

Words meanings and morphology

ऐश्वर्यमदसंमूढः (aiśvaryamadasaṁmūḍhaḥ) - deluded by the intoxication of power/lordship

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aiśvaryamadasaṃmūḍha

aiśvaryamadasaṁmūḍha - deluded by the pride/intoxication of sovereignty/power

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aiśvarya+mada+saṃmūḍha)

• aiśvarya – lordship, sovereignty, power, dominion
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from īśvara (lord) + ṣyañ suffix.
• mada – intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion
  noun (masculine)
  From root mad (to be intoxicated, rejoice).
  Root: mad (class 4)
• saṃmūḍha – deluded, bewildered, confused, infatuated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root muh (to be bewildered) with prefix saṃ.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: muh (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - This one (referring to Duryodhana) (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eṣa

eṣa - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine form.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain, misery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, sorrow, suffering, misery

उपेयिवान् (upeyivān) - has experienced, has obtained, has undergone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upeyivas

upeyivas - one who has approached, obtained, experienced

Perfect Active Participle

From root i (to go) with prefix upa. Formed with the suffix -vas.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Functions predicatively here, 'has experienced'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun, genitive singular (enclitic form).

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - conjunction, encounter, battle, war

From root yuj (to join) with prefix saṃ.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor, strength, prowess, virility

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, heroism, strength, power, prowess, virility

Derived from vīra (hero).

जानाति (jānāti) - knows, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present Indicative

Root: jñā (class 9)

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O Arjuna, excellent man. (O best among men (puruṣa))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best among men, excellent man (puruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull; chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)

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