महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-77, verse-17

तस्माज्जहि रणे पार्थ धार्तराष्ट्रं कुलाधमम् ।
यथेन्द्रेण हतः पूर्वं जम्भो देवासुरे मृधे ॥१७॥

17. tasmājjahi raṇe pārtha dhārtarāṣṭraṁ kulādhamam ,
yathendreṇa hataḥ pūrvaṁ jambho devāsure mṛdhe.

17. tasmāt jahi raṇe pārtha dhārtarāṣṭram kulādhamam
yathā indreṇa hataḥ pūrvam jambhaḥ devāsure mṛdhe

17. pārtha tasmāt raṇe kulādhamam dhārtarāṣṭram jahi
yathā pūrvam indreṇa devāsure mṛdhe jambhaḥ hataḥ

17. Therefore, O Partha, slay in battle that son of Dhritarashtra, the disgrace of his family, just as Jambha was previously slain by Indra in the war between the gods and asuras.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• जहि (jahi) - kill, slay, strike down

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war, in conflict

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pritha, O Arjuna)

• धार्तराष्ट्रम् (dhārtarāṣṭram) - Duryodhana (the son of Dhritarashtra) (son of Dhritarashtra)

• कुलाधमम् (kulādhamam) - the disgrace of his family (lowest of the family, disgrace of the family, ignoble in lineage)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed, struck

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• जम्भः (jambhaḥ) - Jambha (name of an asura)

• देवासुरे (devāsure) - in the war between gods and asuras

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in conflict, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an ablative adverb, meaning 'therefore'.

जहि (jahi) - kill, slay, strike down

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of han

Imperative Mood

Root 'han' (3rd class, Parasmaipada), 2nd person singular imperative form.

Root: han (class 2)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pritha, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna

Derived from 'pṛthā' (Kunti) + 'aṇ' (descendant suffix).

धार्तराष्ट्रम् (dhārtarāṣṭram) - Duryodhana (the son of Dhritarashtra) (son of Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhritarashtra

Derived from 'dhṛtarāṣṭra' (Dhritarashtra) + 'aṇ' (descendant suffix).

Note: Refers to Duryodhana, the eldest son of King Dhritarashtra.

कुलाधमम् (kulādhamam) - the disgrace of his family (lowest of the family, disgrace of the family, ignoble in lineage)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kulādhama

kulādhama - lowest of one's family, family's disgrace

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+adhama)

• kula – family, lineage, race, clan
  noun (neuter)
• adhama – lowest, meanest, worst, vile
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dhārtarāṣṭram'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the gods)

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed, struck

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, slay).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used here as a predicate adjective, 'was slain'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

जम्भः (jambhaḥ) - Jambha (name of an asura)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jambha

jambha - Jambha (a powerful asura, or demon, slain by Indra)

देवासुरे (devāsure) - in the war between gods and asuras

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of devāsura

devāsura - god and asura (demon), battle between gods and asuras

Compound type : dvandva (deva+asura)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• asura – demon, anti-god
  noun (masculine)

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in conflict, in combat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, combat, conflict

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