महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-77, verse-29

दृष्ट्वा तु पार्थं संरब्धं वासुदेवं च मारिष ।
प्रहसन्निव पुत्रस्ते योद्धुकामः समाह्वयत् ॥२९॥

29. dṛṣṭvā tu pārthaṁ saṁrabdhaṁ vāsudevaṁ ca māriṣa ,
prahasanniva putraste yoddhukāmaḥ samāhvayat.

29. dṛṣṭvā tu pārtham saṃrabdham vāsudevam ca māriṣa
prahasan iva putraḥ te yoddhukāmaḥ samāhvayat

29. māriṣa,
tu,
pārtham,
saṃrabdham,
vāsudevam,
ca,
dṛṣṭvā,
te,
putraḥ,
prahasan,
iva,
yoddhukāmaḥ,
samāhvayat

29. O respected one, when your son (Duryodhana) saw Arjuna (Pārtha) enraged and Vāsudeva (Krishna), he challenged them as if laughing, eager to fight.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (Arjuna (son of Pṛthā))

• संरब्धम् (saṁrabdham) - enraged, agitated, furious

• वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Krishna (Krishna (son of Vasudeva))

• च (ca) - and, also

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Sanjaya addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O respected one, venerable one)

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Duryodhana (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son) (son)

• ते (te) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, by you)

• योद्धुकामः (yoddhukāmaḥ) - desirous of fighting, eager to fight

• समाह्वयत् (samāhvayat) - he challenged, he called out

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `dṛś` with suffix `tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (Arjuna (son of Pṛthā))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

Derivative of Pṛthā.

संरब्धम् (saṁrabdham) - enraged, agitated, furious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, agitated, furious

Past Passive Participle

From `sam-rabh` (to seize, to begin, to become agitated).

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Pārtha.

वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Krishna (Krishna (son of Vasudeva))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, Krishna

Derivative of Vasudeva.

Note: Refers to Krishna.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Sanjaya addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O respected one, venerable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respected sir, venerable sir

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasant

prahasant - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

From `pra-has` (to laugh, smile).

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `putraḥ`.

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Duryodhana (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Subject of the verb `samāhvayat`.

ते (te) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Dative/Genitive singular form of `tvad`.

Note: Possessive, referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

योद्धुकामः (yoddhukāmaḥ) - desirous of fighting, eager to fight

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yoddhukāma

yoddhukāma - desirous of fighting, eager to fight

Compound formed from `yoddhum` (infinitive, to fight) and `kāma` (desire).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoddhum+kāma)

• yoddhum – to fight
  indeclinable
  Infinitive
  From root `yudh` with suffix `tumun`.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)

समाह्वयत् (samāhvayat) - he challenged, he called out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samāhvay

Imperfect Active

From `sam-ā-hvā` (root `hvā` class 1, with prefixes `sam` and `ā`).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Verb for `putraḥ`.

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