महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-77, verse-30

ततः प्रहृष्टो दाशार्हः पाण्डवश्च धनंजयः ।
व्याक्रोशेतां महानादं दध्मतुश्चाम्बुजोत्तमौ ॥३०॥

30. tataḥ prahṛṣṭo dāśārhaḥ pāṇḍavaśca dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
vyākrośetāṁ mahānādaṁ dadhmatuścāmbujottamau.

30. tataḥ prahṛṣṭaḥ dāśārhaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ ca dhanaṃjayaḥ
vyākrośetām mahānādam dadhmatuḥ ca ambujottamau

30. tataḥ,
prahṛṣṭaḥ,
dāśārhaḥ,
ca,
pāṇḍavaḥ,
dhanaṃjayaḥ,
vyākrośetām,
ca,
ambujottamau,
mahānādam,
dadhmatuḥ

30. Then, the greatly delighted Dāśārha (Krishna) and Pāṇḍava Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) both roared with a mighty sound and blew their excellent conch shells.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• प्रहृष्टः (prahṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted, elated, joyful

• दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Krishna (Krishna (descendant of Dāśārha))

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

• च (ca) - and, also

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth, Arjuna)

• व्याक्रोशेताम् (vyākrośetām) - they both roared

• महानादम् (mahānādam) - a great sound/roar

• दध्मतुः (dadhmatuḥ) - they both blew

• च (ca) - and, also

• अम्बुजोत्तमौ (ambujottamau) - excellent conch shells

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

From pronoun `tad`.

प्रहृष्टः (prahṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted, elated, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - greatly delighted, elated, joyful

Past Passive Participle

From `pra-hṛṣ` (to be glad).

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Krishna (Krishna (descendant of Dāśārha))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśārha

dāśārha - descendant of Dāśārha; Krishna

Note: Refers to Krishna.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna

Derivative of Pāṇḍu.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Joins `dāśārhaḥ` and `pāṇḍavaḥ`.

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna (a title of Arjuna)

Compound.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, victorious
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from `ji`
  From root `ji` (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: In apposition to Pāṇḍavaḥ.

व्याक्रोशेताम् (vyākrośetām) - they both roared

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyākroś

Imperfect Active

From `vi-ā-kruś` (root `kruś` class 1, with prefixes `vi` and `ā`).

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Verb for the dual subjects Dāśārha and Pāṇḍava.

महानादम् (mahānādam) - a great sound/roar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahānāda

mahānāda - great sound, loud roar

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+nāda)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of `vyākrośetām`.

दध्मतुः (dadhmatuḥ) - they both blew

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of dhmā

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of root `dhmā` (to blow).

Root: dhmā (class 1)

Note: Verb for the dual subjects.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Joins the two actions: roaring and blowing.

अम्बुजोत्तमौ (ambujottamau) - excellent conch shells

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of ambujottama

ambujottama - excellent conch shell (literally 'best lotus-born', i.e., conch)

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ambu-ja+uttama)

• ambu-ja – water-born (lotus, conch)
  noun (neuter)
  Compound 'ambu' (water) + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• uttama – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective
  Superlative of 'ud'.

Note: Object of `dadhmatuḥ`.

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