महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-77, verse-6

सोऽयं प्राप्तस्तवाक्षेपं पश्य साफल्यमात्मनः ।
कथं हि राजा राज्यार्थी त्वया गच्छेत संयुगम् ॥६॥

6. so'yaṁ prāptastavākṣepaṁ paśya sāphalyamātmanaḥ ,
kathaṁ hi rājā rājyārthī tvayā gaccheta saṁyugam.

6. saḥ ayam prāptaḥ tava ākṣepam paśya sāphalyam ātmanaḥ
katham hi rājā rājyārthī tvayā gacceta saṃyugam

6. saḥ ayam tava ākṣepam prāptaḥ ātmanaḥ sāphalyam
paśya hi katham rājyārthī rājā tvayā saṃyugam gacceta

6. See, this one has received your challenge; behold the fruitfulness of your own self (ātman)! Indeed, how would a king, desirous of a kingdom, engage in battle with you?

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• अयम् (ayam) - this one

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, reached, received

• तव (tava) - your

• आक्षेपम् (ākṣepam) - your aggressive challenge or taunt (insult, reproach, challenge)

• पश्य (paśya) - see, behold

• साफल्यम् (sāphalyam) - fruitfulness, success, accomplishment

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself, of the soul (ātman)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• राज्यार्थी (rājyārthī) - desirous of kingdom, seeker of kingdom

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• गच्चेत (gacceta) - should go, would go, might go

• संयुगम् (saṁyugam) - to battle, to war, in battle

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

अयम् (ayam) - this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, reached, received

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived, received

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun, genitive singular.

आक्षेपम् (ākṣepam) - your aggressive challenge or taunt (insult, reproach, challenge)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākṣepa

ākṣepa - throwing, casting; reproach, challenge, insult

From root kṣip (to throw) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

पश्य (paśya) - see, behold

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paśya

Imperative Mood

Root dṛś changes to paśya in present/imperative forms.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

साफल्यम् (sāphalyam) - fruitfulness, success, accomplishment

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāphalya

sāphalya - fruitfulness, success, accomplishment

Derived from sa-phala (with fruit) with the suffix -ya.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of oneself, of the soul (ātman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, living principle (ātman)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

राज्यार्थी (rājyārthī) - desirous of kingdom, seeker of kingdom

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājyārthin

rājyārthin - one desirous of a kingdom

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājya+arthin)

• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty, rule
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from rājan (king).
• arthin – desirous of, supplicant, applicant
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from artha (purpose, wealth).

Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun, instrumental singular.

गच्चेत (gacceta) - should go, would go, might go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gam

Optative Mood

Root: gam (class 1)

संयुगम् (saṁyugam) - to battle, to war, in battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - conjunction, union, encounter, battle, war

From root yuj (to join) with prefix saṃ.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Used here as an adverbial accusative 'to battle'.

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