महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-75, verse-33

वातोद्धूतपताकान्तं रथं जलदनिस्वनम् ।
घोरं कपिध्वजं दृष्ट्वा विषण्णा रथिनोऽभवन् ॥३३॥

33. vātoddhūtapatākāntaṁ rathaṁ jaladanisvanam ,
ghoraṁ kapidhvajaṁ dṛṣṭvā viṣaṇṇā rathino'bhavan.

33. vātoddhūtapātakāntam ratham jaladanisvanam ghoram
kapidhvajam dṛṣṭvā viṣaṇṇāḥ rathinaḥ abhavan

33. rathinaḥ vātoddhūtapātakāntam jaladanisvanam
ghoram kapidhvajam ratham dṛṣṭvā viṣaṇṇāḥ abhavan

33. Upon seeing that formidable chariot, whose flags fluttered violently in the wind, which roared like a thundercloud, and bore the monkey banner (Hanuman), the enemy charioteers became utterly dejected.

Words meanings summery:

• वातोद्धूतपातकान्तम् (vātoddhūtapātakāntam) - describing the chariot (having flags agitated by the wind, with wind-fluttering banners)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• जलदनिस्वनम् (jaladanisvanam) - describing the chariot's sound (rumbling like a thundercloud, cloud-roaring)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - describing the chariot (terrible, dreadful, formidable)

• कपिध्वजम् (kapidhvajam) - describing Arjuna's chariot, which bore Hanuman's image (monkey-bannered, having a monkey on its flag)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• विषण्णाः (viṣaṇṇāḥ) - dejected, despondent, disheartened

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - enemy charioteers (charioteers, warriors in chariots)

• अभवन् (abhavan) - they became, they were

Words meanings and morphology

वातोद्धूतपातकान्तम् (vātoddhūtapātakāntam) - describing the chariot (having flags agitated by the wind, with wind-fluttering banners)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vātoddhūtapātakānta

vātoddhūtapātakānta - having flags agitated by the wind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāta+uddhūta+patākā+anta)

• vāta – wind
  noun (masculine)
• uddhūta – shaken, agitated, fanned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhū' (to shake) with prefix 'ud'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: dhū (class 5)
• patākā – flag, banner
  noun (feminine)
• anta – end, edge, border, or implying 'having'
  noun (neuter)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

जलदनिस्वनम् (jaladanisvanam) - describing the chariot's sound (rumbling like a thundercloud, cloud-roaring)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jaladanisvana

jaladanisvana - rumbling like a thundercloud, sounding like a cloud

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jalada+nisvana)

• jalada – cloud (giver of water)
  noun (masculine)
• nisvana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: svan (class 1)

घोरम् (ghoram) - describing the chariot (terrible, dreadful, formidable)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable, awful

कपिध्वजम् (kapidhvajam) - describing Arjuna's chariot, which bore Hanuman's image (monkey-bannered, having a monkey on its flag)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kapidhvaja

kapidhvaja - having a monkey for a banner (epithet of Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kapi+dhvaja)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dṛś' (class 1) + ktvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विषण्णाः (viṣaṇṇāḥ) - dejected, despondent, disheartened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viṣaṇṇa

viṣaṇṇa - dejected, depressed, despondent, disheartened

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sad' (to sink, despond) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - enemy charioteers (charioteers, warriors in chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

Derived from 'ratha' (chariot) + -in suffix (possessive)

अभवन् (abhavan) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

From root 'bhū' (class 1)

Root: bhū (class 1)