महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-75, verse-26

विलयं समनुप्राप्ता तच्च राजा न बुध्यते ।
इत्येवं क्षत्रियास्तत्र ब्रुवन्त्यन्ये च भारत ॥२६॥

26. vilayaṁ samanuprāptā tacca rājā na budhyate ,
ityevaṁ kṣatriyāstatra bruvantyanye ca bhārata.

26. vilayam samanuprāptā tat ca rājā na budhyate iti
evam kṣatriyāḥ tatra bruvanti anye ca bhārata

26. vilayam samanuprāptā ca rājā tat na budhyate iti
evam bhārata tatra kṣatriyāḥ ca anye bruvanti

26. The warrior class (kṣatram) and the entire earth (medinī) have met with destruction (vilayam), yet the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) does not understand that. Thus, O Bhārata, Kṣatriyas and other people there are saying.

Words meanings summery:

• विलयम् (vilayam) - destruction, dissolution, disappearance

• समनुप्राप्ता (samanuprāptā) - Have met with destruction. (have reached, have attained, have met)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the fact that the Kṣatriya class and earth have met destruction. (that, this)

• च (ca) - and, but, also

• राजा (rājā) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (king, ruler)

• न (na) - not, no

• बुध्यते (budhyate) - understands, perceives, knows

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way (introduces direct or indirect speech)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - warriors, Kṣatriyas

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

• ब्रुवन्ति (bruvanti) - they say, they speak

• अन्ये (anye) - others, other people

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Bharata, O scion of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

विलयम् (vilayam) - destruction, dissolution, disappearance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vilaya

vilaya - destruction, dissolution, disappearance

Prefix: vi

Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Direct object of samanuprāptā.

समनुप्राप्ता (samanuprāptā) - Have met with destruction. (have reached, have attained, have met)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of samanuprāpta

samanuprāpta - reached, attained, met with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp (to obtain) with upasargas sam and anu, and past passive participle suffix.

Prefixes: sam+anu+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees collectively with 'kṣatram' (warrior class, here acting as a collective) and 'medinī' (earth).

तत् (tat) - Refers to the fact that the Kṣatriya class and earth have met destruction. (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Direct object of budhyate.

च (ca) - and, but, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses, often translated as 'but' in contrast.

राजा (rājā) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of "na budhyate".

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb "budhyate".

बुध्यते (budhyate) - understands, perceives, knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of budh

present middle

Derived from root budh (to know), 4th class, middle voice.

Root: budh (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way (introduces direct or indirect speech)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the statement made by the Kṣatriyas and others.

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the manner of speaking.

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - warriors, Kṣatriyas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - member of the warrior or ruling class, Kṣatriya

Note: Subject of "bruvanti".

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the location of the battle or gathering.

ब्रुवन्ति (bruvanti) - they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of brū

present active

Derived from root brū (to speak), 2nd class, active voice.

Root: brū (class 2)

अन्ये (anye) - others, other people

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Subject of "bruvanti" (with kṣatriyāḥ).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects kṣatriyāḥ and anye.

भारत (bhārata) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Bharata, O scion of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a scion of Bharata

Derived from Bharata

Note: A common address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata.