महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-66, verse-32

ततोऽब्रवीत्स्मयन्द्रोणः क्वेदं पाण्डव गम्यते ।
ननु नाम रणे शत्रुमजित्वा न निवर्तसे ॥३२॥

32. tato'bravītsmayandroṇaḥ kvedaṁ pāṇḍava gamyate ,
nanu nāma raṇe śatrumajitvā na nivartase.

32. tataḥ abravīt smayan droṇaḥ kva idam pāṇḍava
gamyate nanu nāma raṇe śatrum ajitvā na nivartase

32. tataḥ droṇaḥ smayan abravīt he pāṇḍava kva idam
gamyate nanu nāma raṇe śatrum ajitvā na nivartase

32. Then, Drona, smiling, said, 'Where are you going, O Arjuna (Pāṇḍava)? Surely, you do not return without conquering your enemy in battle!'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said

• स्मयन् (smayan) - smiling

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• क्व (kva) - where?

• इदम् (idam) - this

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Referring to Arjuna (O Pandava (Arjuna))

• गम्यते (gamyate) - is being gone to, are you going

• ननु (nanu) - surely, indeed, is it not?

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

• शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

• अजित्वा (ajitvā) - without conquering, having not conquered

• न (na) - not

• निवर्तसे (nivartase) - you return, you turn back

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

स्मयन् (smayan) - smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smayat

smayat - smiling, laughing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root smi

Root: smi (class 1)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name, the guru)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Subject of the passive verb gamyate.

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Referring to Arjuna (O Pandava (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pandu, Arjuna

गम्यते (gamyate) - is being gone to, are you going

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally or with 'idam' as the object of motion, implying 'where are you being led?' or 'where are you going?'

ननु (nanu) - surely, indeed, is it not?

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an emphatic particle.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

अजित्वा (ajitvā) - without conquering, having not conquered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from negation 'a-' and root ji + -tvā

Prefix: a

Root: ji (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

निवर्तसे (nivartase) - you return, you turn back

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ni-vṛt

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)