महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-66, verse-16

तैः सम्यगस्तैर्बलिना कृतिना चित्रयोधिना ।
मनुष्यवाजिमातङ्गा विद्धाः पेतुर्गतासवः ॥१६॥

16. taiḥ samyagastairbalinā kṛtinā citrayodhinā ,
manuṣyavājimātaṅgā viddhāḥ peturgatāsavaḥ.

16. taiḥ samyak astaiḥ balinā kṛtinā citrayodhinā
manuṣyavājimātaṅgāḥ viddhāḥ petuḥ gatāsavaḥ

16. balinā kṛtinā citrayodhinā taiḥ samyak astaiḥ
viddhāḥ manuṣyavājimātaṅgāḥ gatāsavaḥ petuḥ

16. Struck by those well-aimed arrows, discharged by the mighty, skillful, and marvelously fighting (Arjuna), men, horses, and elephants fell, their lives departed.

Words meanings summery:

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those arrows (by those)

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, well

• अस्तैः (astaiḥ) - by the shot arrows (by the thrown/shot (ones))

• बलिना (balinā) - by the mighty Arjuna (by the mighty one)

• कृतिना (kṛtinā) - by the skillful Arjuna (by the skillful one, by the accomplished one)

• चित्रयोधिना (citrayodhinā) - by the marvelously fighting Arjuna (by the wondrous fighter, by the one fighting in varied ways)

• मनुष्यवाजिमातङ्गाः (manuṣyavājimātaṅgāḥ) - men, horses, and elephants

• विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, struck

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• गतासवः (gatāsavaḥ) - lifeless, with departed breaths

Words meanings and morphology

तैः (taiḥ) - by those arrows (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the arrows mentioned in the previous verse, agreeing with 'astaiḥ'.

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, well

(indeclinable)

Prefix: sam

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to modify 'astaiḥ'.

अस्तैः (astaiḥ) - by the shot arrows (by the thrown/shot (ones))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of asta

asta - thrown, shot, cast

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root as (to throw, cast) with the -ta suffix.

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'taiḥ' and refers to the arrows.

बलिना (balinā) - by the mighty Arjuna (by the mighty one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, mighty, powerful

Derived from 'bala' (strength) with the suffix '-in' meaning 'having'.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

कृतिना (kṛtinā) - by the skillful Arjuna (by the skillful one, by the accomplished one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛtin

kṛtin - skillful, clever, accomplished, fortunate

Derived from 'kṛti' (act, skill) with the suffix '-in' meaning 'having'.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

चित्रयोधिना (citrayodhinā) - by the marvelously fighting Arjuna (by the wondrous fighter, by the one fighting in varied ways)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of citrayodhin

citrayodhin - one who fights wonderfully/variously, a peculiar fighter

Compound of 'citra' (wondrous, varied) and 'yodhin' (fighter, from root 'yudh').

Compound type : tatpurusha (citra+yodhin)

• citra – wondrous, variegated, strange, clear, bright
  adjective (neuter)
• yodhin – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root yudh (to fight) with suffix -in.
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

मनुष्यवाजिमातङ्गाः (manuṣyavājimātaṅgāḥ) - men, horses, and elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣyavājimātaṅga

manuṣyavājimātaṅga - men, horses, and elephants

Compound type : dvandva (manuṣya+vāji+mātaṅga)

• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vāji – horse, steed
  noun (masculine)
• mātaṅga – elephant
  noun (masculine)

विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vyadh (to pierce, strike) with the -ta suffix.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'manuṣyavājimātaṅgāḥ'.

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pat

perfect tense

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice.

Root: pat (class 1)

गतासवः (gatāsavaḥ) - lifeless, with departed breaths

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gatāsu

gatāsu - whose breath/life has departed, lifeless, dead

Bahuvrihi compound: 'gata' (gone) + 'asu' (breath, life).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed, past
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go) with the -ta suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'manuṣyavājimātaṅgāḥ'.