महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-66, verse-17

विद्रुताश्च रणे पेतुः संछिन्नायुधजीविताः ।
रथिनो रथमुख्येभ्यः सहयाः शरपीडिताः ॥१७॥

17. vidrutāśca raṇe petuḥ saṁchinnāyudhajīvitāḥ ,
rathino rathamukhyebhyaḥ sahayāḥ śarapīḍitāḥ.

17. vidrutāḥ ca raṇe petuḥ saṃchinnāyudhajīvitāḥ
rathinaḥ rathamukhyebhyaḥ sahayāḥ śarapīḍitāḥ

17. vidrutāḥ ca raṇe petuḥ.
saṃchinnāyudhajīvitāḥ,
rathinaḥ rathamukhyebhyaḥ sahayāḥ śarapīḍitāḥ (petuḥ).

17. Those who fled also fell in battle, their weapons and lives severed. Charioteers, along with their horses, suffering from arrow wounds, fell from their principal chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• विद्रुताः (vidrutāḥ) - fled, run away

• च (ca) - and

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• संछिन्नायुधजीविताः (saṁchinnāyudhajīvitāḥ) - whose weapons and lives were severed/cut off

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers

• रथमुख्येभ्यः (rathamukhyebhyaḥ) - from the principal chariots, from the chief chariots

• सहयाः (sahayāḥ) - with horses, accompanied by horses

• शरपीडिताः (śarapīḍitāḥ) - tormented/afflicted by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

विद्रुताः (vidrutāḥ) - fled, run away

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidruta

vidruta - fled, run away, scattered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dru (to run) with prefix vi and the -ta suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pat

perfect tense

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice.

Root: pat (class 1)

संछिन्नायुधजीविताः (saṁchinnāyudhajīvitāḥ) - whose weapons and lives were severed/cut off

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃchinnāyudhajīvita

saṁchinnāyudhajīvita - whose weapons and lives are cut off

Bahuvrihi compound: 'saṃchinna' (completely severed) + 'āyudhajīvita' (weapons and life).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃchinna+āyudhajīvita)

• saṃchinna – completely cut, severed, broken
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root chid (to cut) with prefix sam and the -ta suffix.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: chid (class 7)
• āyudhajīvita – weapons and life
  noun (neuter)
  Dvandva compound: 'āyudha' (weapon) and 'jīvita' (life).

Note: Agrees with implied 'soldiers' or 'charioteers'.

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, one who has a chariot

Derived from 'ratha' (chariot) with the suffix '-in' meaning 'having'.

रथमुख्येभ्यः (rathamukhyebhyaḥ) - from the principal chariots, from the chief chariots

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, plural of rathamukhya

rathamukhya - principal chariot, chief chariot

Tatpurusha compound: 'ratha' (chariot) + 'mukhya' (principal, chief).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+mukhya)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – principal, chief, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

सहयाः (sahayāḥ) - with horses, accompanied by horses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahaya

sahaya - accompanied by horses, with horses

Bahuvrihi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'haya' (horse).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+haya)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating association.
• haya – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'rathinaḥ'.

शरपीडिताः (śarapīḍitāḥ) - tormented/afflicted by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śarapīḍita

śarapīḍita - tormented by arrows, wounded by arrows

Tatpurusha compound (Instrumental Tatpurusha): 'śara' (arrow) + 'pīḍita' (tormented, wounded).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+pīḍita)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• pīḍita – tormented, afflicted, wounded, distressed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pīḍ (to oppress, torment) with the -ta suffix.
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'rathinaḥ'.