महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-66, verse-23

स विह्वलितसर्वाङ्गः क्षितिकम्पे यथाचलः ।
धैर्यमालम्ब्य बीभत्सुर्द्रोणं विव्याध पत्रिभिः ॥२३॥

23. sa vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ kṣitikampe yathācalaḥ ,
dhairyamālambya bībhatsurdroṇaṁ vivyādha patribhiḥ.

23. saḥ vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ kṣitikampe yathā acalaḥ
dhairyam ālambya bībhatsuḥ droṇam vivyādha patribhiḥ

23. saḥ vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ acalaḥ yathā kṣitikampe
dhairyam ālambya bībhatsuḥ droṇam patribhiḥ vivyādha

23. He (Arjuna), with all his limbs trembling like a mountain in an earthquake, then, summoning his courage, Bibhatsu (Arjuna) pierced Droṇa with arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• विह्वलितसर्वाङ्गः (vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ) - whose entire body was shaken/trembling

• क्षितिकम्पे (kṣitikampe) - in an earthquake, in the trembling of the earth

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• अचलः (acalaḥ) - mountain, immovable

• धैर्यम् (dhairyam) - courage, fortitude, steadfastness

• आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - summoning, gathering (having grasped, having supported, having held onto)

• बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna (one who inspires loathing in foes) (Bibhatsu (Arjuna), loathing)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

• पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - with arrows, with winged ones

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Arjuna (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

विह्वलितसर्वाङ्गः (vihvalitasarvāṅgaḥ) - whose entire body was shaken/trembling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihvalitasarvāṅga

vihvalitasarvāṅga - having all limbs shaken, trembling in all parts

Compound of 'vihvalita' (shaken) and 'sarvāṅga' (all limbs).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vihvalita+sarvāṅga)

• vihvalita – shaken, trembled, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hval (to tremble) with prefix vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hval (class 1)
• sarvāṅga – all limbs, entire body
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'aṅga' (limb).

Note: Adjective for 'saḥ'.

क्षितिकम्पे (kṣitikampe) - in an earthquake, in the trembling of the earth

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣitikampa

kṣitikampa - earthquake, trembling of the earth

Compound of 'kṣiti' (earth) and 'kampa' (trembling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣiti+kampa)

• kṣiti – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  From root kṣi (to dwell).
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• kampa – trembling, shaking
  noun (masculine)
  From root kamp (to tremble).
  Root: kamp (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

अचलः (acalaḥ) - mountain, immovable

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acala

acala - mountain, immovable, fixed

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'cala' (moving).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cala)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• cala – moving, trembling
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cal (to move).
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Compared to Arjuna.

धैर्यम् (dhairyam) - courage, fortitude, steadfastness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhairya

dhairya - courage, firmness, steadfastness

Derived from 'dhīra' (firm, steady).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ālambya'.

आलम्ब्य (ālambya) - summoning, gathering (having grasped, having supported, having held onto)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root lamb (to hang, cling) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: lamb (class 1)

बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna (one who inspires loathing in foes) (Bibhatsu (Arjuna), loathing)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - loathing, disgusting, horrible (also an epithet of Arjuna)

Derived from root bādha (to oppress, distress). Used as an epithet for Arjuna.

Root: bādha (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'vivyādha'.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor)

Root: drū (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb 'vivyādha'.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (past) (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect tense (Liṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular.

From root vyadh (to pierce).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - with arrows, with winged ones

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patrin

patrin - winged, feathered (often refers to an arrow)

From 'patra' (wing, feather) with suffix '-in'.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Instrument of the action 'vivyādha'.