महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-18, verse-34

रजश्च महदुद्भूतं शान्तं रुधिरवृष्टिभिः ।
मही चाप्यभवद्दुर्गा कबन्धशतसंकुला ॥३४॥

34. rajaśca mahadudbhūtaṁ śāntaṁ rudhiravṛṣṭibhiḥ ,
mahī cāpyabhavaddurgā kabandhaśatasaṁkulā.

34. rajaḥ ca mahat udbhūtam śāntam rudhiravṛṣṭibhiḥ
mahī ca api abhavat durgā kabandhaśatasaṅkulā

34. mahat udbhūtam rajaḥ ca rudhiravṛṣṭibhiḥ śāntam (abhavat).
mahī ca api kabandhaśatasaṅkulā durgā abhavat.

34. The vast dust that had arisen was settled by showers of blood. And the earth, too, became impassable, crowded with hundreds of headless trunks.

Words meanings summery:

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust (from battle) (dust, dirt, passion, pollens)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• महत् (mahat) - vast (great, large, extensive, mighty)

• उद्भूतम् (udbhūtam) - that had arisen (arisen, produced, manifest)

• शान्तम् (śāntam) - was settled (quieted, pacified, ceased, calm)

• रुधिरवृष्टिभिः (rudhiravṛṣṭibhiḥ) - by showers of blood

• मही (mahī) - the earth (earth, ground, land)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अपि (api) - too (also, too, even)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, happened, existed)

• दुर्गा (durgā) - impassable (difficult to access, impassable, fortified place)

• कबन्धशतसङ्कुला (kabandhaśatasaṅkulā) - crowded with hundreds of headless trunks

Words meanings and morphology

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust (from battle) (dust, dirt, passion, pollens)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, pollen, menses, impurity, quality of passion (rajas guṇa)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - vast (great, large, extensive, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty

Present participle active of √mah (to be great), declined as an adjective.

Root: mah

उद्भूतम् (udbhūtam) - that had arisen (arisen, produced, manifest)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udbhūta

udbhūta - arisen, produced, manifest, generated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'ud-' (prefix) + root 'bhū' (to be) + 'kta' (suffix for PPP)

Prefix: ud

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, agreeing with 'rajaḥ'.

शान्तम् (śāntam) - was settled (quieted, pacified, ceased, calm)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śānta

śānta - quieted, pacified, ceased, calm, tranquil

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'śam' (to be calm, to cease) + 'kta' (suffix for PPP)

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, agreeing with 'rajaḥ'. Implies "was quieted" or "was settled".

रुधिरवृष्टिभिः (rudhiravṛṣṭibhiḥ) - by showers of blood

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of rudhiravṛṣṭi

rudhiravṛṣṭi - shower of blood

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rudhira+vṛṣṭi)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)
  From root √vṛṣ (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'śāntam'.

मही (mahī) - the earth (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - too (also, too, even)

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, happened, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect

third person singular, active voice (Parasmaipada)

Root: bhū (class 1)

दुर्गा (durgā) - impassable (difficult to access, impassable, fortified place)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of durga

durga - difficult to access, impassable, difficult, a fortress

From 'dur' (bad, difficult) + root 'gam' (to go)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+ga)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving
  noun/adjective (masculine/neuter)
  derived from verbal root
  from √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'mahī'.

कबन्धशतसङ्कुला (kabandhaśatasaṅkulā) - crowded with hundreds of headless trunks

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kabandhaśatasaṅkula

kabandhaśatasaṅkula - filled/crowded with hundreds of headless trunks

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kabandha+śata+saṅkula)

• kabandha – headless trunk (of a body)
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• śata – hundred
  noun/numeral (neuter)
• saṅkula – crowded, filled, full of
  adjective
  from sam- + √kul (to be accumulated, to be crowded)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kul (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'mahī'.