महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-18, verse-17

ते वध्यमाना वीरेण क्षत्रियाः कालचोदिताः ।
व्यसृजञ्शरवर्षाणि पार्थे नानाविधानि च ॥१७॥

17. te vadhyamānā vīreṇa kṣatriyāḥ kālacoditāḥ ,
vyasṛjañśaravarṣāṇi pārthe nānāvidhāni ca.

17. te vadhyamānāḥ vīreṇa kṣatriyāḥ kālacoditāḥ
vyasṛjan śaravarṣāṇi pārthe nānāvidhāni ca

17. kālacoditāḥ te kṣatriyāḥ vīreṇa vadhyamānāḥ
pārthe ca nānāvidhāni śaravarṣāṇi vyasṛjan

17. Those kṣatriya warriors, being assailed by the hero (Arjuna) and driven by fate, released various kinds of arrow-showers upon Pārtha (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those kṣatriya warriors (those)

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being struck, being killed, being assailed

• वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by Arjuna (by the hero, by the warrior)

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kṣatriya warriors, those of the warrior class

• कालचोदिताः (kālacoditāḥ) - impelled by time, driven by fate

• व्यसृजन् (vyasṛjan) - they discharged, they released

• शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows, arrow-showers

• पार्थे (pārthe) - at Pārtha, upon Arjuna

• नानाविधानि (nānāvidhāni) - of various kinds, manifold

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those kṣatriya warriors (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being struck, being killed, being assailed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being struck, being killed, being assailed, being destroyed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root √vadh (to strike, kill) in passive voice with śānac suffix.

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kṣatriyāḥ.

वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by Arjuna (by the hero, by the warrior)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kṣatriya warriors, those of the warrior class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - of the warrior class, warrior, ruler

Root: kṣi (class 1)

कालचोदिताः (kālacoditāḥ) - impelled by time, driven by fate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kālacodita

kālacodita - impelled by time, urged by fate, destined by fate

Past Passive Participle (within a compound)

kāla (time/fate) + codita (impelled). codita is PPP from √cud (to impel).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+codita)

• kāla – time, fate, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kal (class 1)
• codita – impelled, urged, directed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √cud (to impel) with suffix kta.
  Root: cud (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kṣatriyāḥ.

व्यसृजन् (vyasṛjan) - they discharged, they released

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of sṛj

Imperfect third person plural

Form of √sṛj (to discharge) with vi prefix and a augment in Laṅ (Imperfect) tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Subject is kṣatriyāḥ.

शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows, arrow-showers

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (neuter)
  From √vṛṣ (to rain).
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

पार्थे (pārthe) - at Pārtha, upon Arjuna

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derivative from Pṛthā (Kuntī).

Note: Indicates target/direction.

नानाविधानि (nānāvidhāni) - of various kinds, manifold

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nānāvidha

nānāvidha - of various kinds, manifold, diverse

nānā (various) + vidha (kind).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nānā+vidha)

• nānā – various, diverse
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhā (to place) with vi prefix, or from √vid (to know).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with śaravarṣāṇi.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)