महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-18, verse-22

तस्य तं मानुषं भावं भावज्ञोऽऽज्ञाय पाण्डवः ।
वायव्यास्त्रेण तैरस्तां शरवृष्टिमपाहरत् ॥२२॥

22. tasya taṁ mānuṣaṁ bhāvaṁ bhāvajño''jñāya pāṇḍavaḥ ,
vāyavyāstreṇa tairastāṁ śaravṛṣṭimapāharat.

22. tasya taṃ mānuṣaṃ bhāvaṃ bhāvajñaḥ ājñāya pāṇḍavaḥ
vāyavyāstreṇa taiḥ astām śaravṛṣṭim apāharat

22. pāṇḍavaḥ tasya taṃ mānuṣaṃ bhāvaṃ bhāvajñaḥ ājñāya
taiḥ astām śaravṛṣṭim vāyavyāstreṇa apāharat

22. The Pāṇḍava (Arjuna), recognizing that [opponent's] human disposition (bhāva), repelled the shower of arrows discharged by them using the Vāyavya missile.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (opponent) (his, its)

• तम् (tam) - that (disposition) (that, him)

• मानुषम् (mānuṣam) - human, relating to humans

• भावम् (bhāvam) - disposition, nature (state, condition, disposition, nature, intention)

• भावज्ञः (bhāvajñaḥ) - knower of dispositions (of others) (knower of intentions, knower of states)

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (a descendant of Pāṇḍu)

• वायव्यास्त्रेण (vāyavyāstreṇa) - by the Vāyavya missile

• तैः (taiḥ) - by the opponents (by them)

• अस्ताम् (astām) - discharged (by the enemies) (thrown, discharged)

• शरवृष्टिम् (śaravṛṣṭim) - shower of arrows

• अपाहरत् (apāharat) - repelled, removed, took away

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of that (opponent) (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the opponent.

तम् (tam) - that (disposition) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Modifies 'mānuṣaṃ bhāvaṃ'.

मानुषम् (mānuṣam) - human, relating to humans

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, pertaining to humans

Note: Modifies 'bhāvaṃ'.

भावम् (bhāvam) - disposition, nature (state, condition, disposition, nature, intention)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - state, condition, disposition, nature, intention

derivation from `bhū` (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

भावज्ञः (bhāvajñaḥ) - knower of dispositions (of others) (knower of intentions, knower of states)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāvajña

bhāvajña - knower of intentions/states

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāva+jña)

• bhāva – state, condition, disposition, nature, intention
  noun (masculine)
  derivation from `bhū` (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• jña – knower
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  derivation from `jñā` (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to Pāṇḍava (Arjuna).

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

absolutive

upasarga `ā` + root `jñā`

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Gerund/Absolutive.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (a descendant of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

वायव्यास्त्रेण (vāyavyāstreṇa) - by the Vāyavya missile

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vāyavyāstra

vāyavyāstra - Vāyavya missile

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāyavya+astra)

• vāyavya – relating to Vāyu (wind god)
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)

तैः (taiḥ) - by the opponents (by them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the opponents/enemies.

अस्ताम् (astām) - discharged (by the enemies) (thrown, discharged)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of asta

asta - thrown, discharged

Past Passive Participle

root `as` (to throw)

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'śaravṛṣṭim'.

शरवृष्टिम् (śaravṛṣṭim) - shower of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śaravṛṣṭi

śaravṛṣṭi - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+vṛṣṭi)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)
  derivation from `vṛṣ` (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

अपाहरत् (apāharat) - repelled, removed, took away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of hṛ

upasargas `apa` + `ā` + root `hṛ`

Prefixes: apa+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)