महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-107, verse-38

पतद्भिः पतितैश्चान्यैर्गतासुभिरनेकशः ।
कृतो महान्महाराज पुत्राणां ते जनक्षयः ॥३८॥

38. patadbhiḥ patitaiścānyairgatāsubhiranekaśaḥ ,
kṛto mahānmahārāja putrāṇāṁ te janakṣayaḥ.

38. patadbhiḥ patitaiḥ ca anyaiḥ gatasubhiḥ anekaśaḥ
kṛtaḥ mahān mahārāja putrāṇām te janakṣayaḥ

38. mahārāja patadbhiḥ patitaiḥ ca anyaiḥ gatasubhiḥ anekaśaḥ,
te putrāṇām mahān janakṣayaḥ kṛtaḥ

38. O great king, a tremendous destruction of your sons' troops was brought about by countless soldiers, both those falling and those who had already fallen and lost their lives.

Words meanings summery:

• पतद्भिः (patadbhiḥ) - by those falling

• पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - by those fallen

• च (ca) - and

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

• गतसुभिः (gatasubhiḥ) - by those whose lives are gone, by the dead

• अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - in many ways, manifoldly, in great numbers

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - caused, made, done

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons

• ते (te) - your, of you

• जनक्षयः (janakṣayaḥ) - destruction of people, loss of men, loss of troops

Words meanings and morphology

पतद्भिः (patadbhiḥ) - by those falling

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √pat (to fall) with the present participle suffix -at.

Root: pat (class 1)

पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - by those fallen

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √pat (to fall) with the suffix -ta.

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

गतसुभिः (gatasubhiḥ) - by those whose lives are gone, by the dead

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gatasu

gatasu - dead, whose life is gone

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √gam (to go) with the suffix -ta.
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life
  noun (masculine)

अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - in many ways, manifoldly, in great numbers

(indeclinable)

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - caused, made, done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, caused

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √kṛ (to do, make) with the suffix -ta.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'janakṣayaḥ'.

महान् (mahān) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'janakṣayaḥ'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

ते (te) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form for 'tava'.

जनक्षयः (janakṣayaḥ) - destruction of people, loss of men, loss of troops

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janakṣaya

janakṣaya - destruction of people, loss of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+kṣaya)

• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – destruction, loss, decay
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'kṛtaḥ'.