महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-107, verse-19

ततः प्रहस्याधिरथिस्तूर्णमस्यञ्शिताञ्शरान् ।
व्यधमद्भीमसेनस्य शरजालानि पत्रिभिः ॥१९॥

19. tataḥ prahasyādhirathistūrṇamasyañśitāñśarān ,
vyadhamadbhīmasenasya śarajālāni patribhiḥ.

19. tataḥ prahasya adhirathiḥ tūrṇam asyan śitān
śarān vyadhamat bhīmasenasya śarajālāni patribhiḥ

19. tataḥ adhirathiḥ prahasya tūrṇam śitān śarān
asyan bhīmasenasya śarajālāni patribhiḥ vyadhamat

19. Then, Karna (Adhirathi), having laughed, swiftly discharged sharp arrows and dispersed Bhimasena's networks of arrows with his own winged arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed, after laughing

• अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karna (son of Adhiratha) (charioteer, mounted on a chariot, lord of chariots)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

• अस्यन् (asyan) - shooting (arrows) (throwing, casting, shooting, discharging)

• शितान् (śitān) - sharp, whetted, keen

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• व्यधमत् (vyadhamat) - he dispersed, he scattered, he destroyed

• भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhima (of Bhimasena)

• शरजालानि (śarajālāni) - networks of arrows, showers of arrows

• पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - by means of other arrows (by those with wings, by birds, by winged arrows)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed, after laughing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'has' (to laugh) with prefix 'pra', using the 'lyaP' suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karna (son of Adhiratha) (charioteer, mounted on a chariot, lord of chariots)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhirathin

adhirathin - charioteer, mounted on a chariot, lord of chariots

Derived from 'adhiratha' (chief charioteer) or 'adhi' + 'ratha' (on chariot). Here, it refers to Karna, also known as Rādhā's son (Rādheya), who was brought up by the charioteer Adhiratha.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adhi+ratha)

• adhi – upon, over, superior
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh

Note: The subject of the sentence.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (used adverbially)

From root 'tvar' (to hurry) + -na suffix.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'asyan'.

अस्यन् (asyan) - shooting (arrows) (throwing, casting, shooting, discharging)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asyat

asyat - throwing, casting, shooting

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to throw, cast) + 'Śatṛ' suffix.

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'adhirathiḥ'.

शितान् (śitān) - sharp, whetted, keen

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, whetted, keen, sharpened

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śo' (to sharpen) + -kta suffix.

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śarān'.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, dart

Note: Direct object of 'asyan'.

व्यधमत् (vyadhamat) - he dispersed, he scattered, he destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dham

Imperfect, Active Voice

From root 'dham' (to blow) with prefix 'vi'. The form is 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Prefix: vi

Root: dham (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the clause.

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhima (of Bhimasena)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of a Pāṇḍava, also Bhima)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host, weapon
  noun (feminine)
  Root: sin

Note: Possessive of 'śarajālāni'.

शरजालानि (śarajālāni) - networks of arrows, showers of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śarajāla

śarajāla - network of arrows, shower of arrows, multitude of arrows

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śara+jāla)

• śara – arrow, dart
  noun (masculine)
• jāla – net, network, multitude, cluster
  noun (neuter)

Note: Direct object of 'vyadhamat'.

पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - by means of other arrows (by those with wings, by birds, by winged arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patrin

patrin - winged, bird, arrow

From 'patra' (wing, feather) + 'in' (possessive suffix)

Note: Instrument by which Bhimasena's arrows were dispersed.