महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-105, verse-35

हत्वा चैनं स पुत्रस्ते हताश्वो हतसारथिः ।
मद्रराजरथं तूर्णमारुरोह परंतपः ॥३५॥

35. hatvā cainaṁ sa putraste hatāśvo hatasārathiḥ ,
madrarājarathaṁ tūrṇamāruroha paraṁtapaḥ.

35. hatvā ca enam saḥ putraḥ te hata-aśvaḥ hata-sārathiḥ
madra-rāja-ratham tūrṇam āruroha paraṃtapaḥ

35. ca enam hatvā,
te putraḥ saḥ hata-aśvaḥ hata-sārathiḥ paraṃtapaḥ tūrṇam madra-rāja-ratham āruroha

35. And having killed him, your son—whose horses and charioteer had been slain—that tormentor of foes, quickly ascended the chariot of the Madra king.

Words meanings summery:

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, after killing

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - him, this one

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

• ते (te) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, to you)

• हत-अश्वः (hata-aśvaḥ) - whose horses were killed, having dead horses

• हत-सारथिः (hata-sārathiḥ) - whose charioteer was killed, having a dead charioteer

• मद्र-राज-रथम् (madra-rāja-ratham) - to the chariot of the Madra king

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, instantly

• आरुरोह (āruroha) - he ascended, he mounted

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, after killing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'han'

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the charioteer mentioned in the previous verse or context.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'putraḥ te'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

ते (te) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

हत-अश्वः (hata-aśvaḥ) - whose horses were killed, having dead horses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata-aśva

hata-aśva - whose horses are slain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, slain, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'han'
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'putraḥ'.

हत-सारथिः (hata-sārathiḥ) - whose charioteer was killed, having a dead charioteer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata-sārathi

hata-sārathi - whose charioteer is slain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+sārathi)

• hata – killed, slain, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'han'
  Root: han (class 2)
• sārathi – charioteer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'putraḥ'.

मद्र-राज-रथम् (madra-rāja-ratham) - to the chariot of the Madra king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madra-rāja-ratha

madra-rāja-ratha - chariot of the Madra king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rājan+ratha)

• madra – a country or people (the Madras)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, instantly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'tvar' (to hasten), used adverbially

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

आरुरोह (āruroha) - he ascended, he mounted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ruh

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – heating, tormenting, penance
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tap' (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Duryodhana here.