महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-105, verse-17

यत्र ते बहवस्तात कुरवः पर्यवस्थिताः ।
सेनां दुरोदरं विद्धि शरानक्षान्विशां पते ॥१७॥

17. yatra te bahavastāta kuravaḥ paryavasthitāḥ ,
senāṁ durodaraṁ viddhi śarānakṣānviśāṁ pate.

17. yatra te bahavaḥ tāta kuravaḥ paryavasthitāḥ
senām durodaram viddhi śarān akṣān viśām pate

17. tāta,
viśām pate,
yatra te bahavaḥ kuravaḥ paryavasthitāḥ,
senām durodaram,
śarān akṣān viddhi.

17. Dear one, O lord of the people, where those many Kauravas are arrayed, know the army (senām) to be the gambling (durodaram), and the arrows (śarān) to be the dice (akṣān).

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• ते (te) - those

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• तात (tāta) - dear one, father, son (term of endearment or respect)

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus (descendants of Kuru)

• पर्यवस्थिताः (paryavasthitāḥ) - arrayed, situated, positioned, stood around

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• दुरोदरम् (durodaram) - the dice game itself, here used metaphorically as the army (gambling, dice-game, player at dice)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• अक्षान् (akṣān) - dice

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

From pronoun yad + suffix -tra

Note: Adverb of place.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to "kuravaḥ".

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

Note: Agrees with "kuravaḥ".

तात (tāta) - dear one, father, son (term of endearment or respect)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear one, father, son, sir

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus (descendants of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (proper noun, name of an ancient king or his descendants)

Note: Subject of "paryavasthitāḥ".

पर्यवस्थिताः (paryavasthitāḥ) - arrayed, situated, positioned, stood around

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paryavasthita

paryavasthita - surrounded, encompassed, arrayed, situated around

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā with prefixes pari- and ava-, suffix -ta

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with "kuravaḥ", functioning as the main verb.

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, troop

Note: Object of "viddhi".

दुरोदरम् (durodaram) - the dice game itself, here used metaphorically as the army (gambling, dice-game, player at dice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of durodara

durodara - gambling, dice game, a player at dice, a difficult belly

Compound (possibly Bahuvrihi: dur-udara, one with a difficult belly, or Tatpurusha: dur-udara, difficult belly, but here refers to dice game)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+udara)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• udara – belly, interior, womb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicates "senām" (as 'what the army is known as').

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of vid

Root vid, 2nd conjugation

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Main verb, commanding to know.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of "viddhi".

अक्षान् (akṣān) - dice

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of akṣa

akṣa - die (for gambling), cube, axis, eye

Note: Predicates "śarān".

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

Note: Qualifies "pate".

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband