महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-105, verse-19

अत्र सर्वे महाराज त्यक्त्वा जीवितमात्मनः ।
सैन्धवस्य रणे रक्षां विधिवत्कर्तुमर्हथ ।
तत्र नो ग्लहमानानां ध्रुवौ तात जयाजयौ ॥१९॥

19. atra sarve mahārāja tyaktvā jīvitamātmanaḥ ,
saindhavasya raṇe rakṣāṁ vidhivatkartumarhatha ,
tatra no glahamānānāṁ dhruvau tāta jayājayau.

19. atra sarve mahārāja tyaktvā jīvitam
ātmanaḥ | saindhavasya raṇe rakṣām
vidhivat kartum arhatha | tatra naḥ
glahamānānām dhruvau tāta jayājayau

19. mahārāja atra sarve ātmanaḥ jīvitam
tyaktvā rane saindhavasya rakṣām
vidhivat kartum arhatha tāta tatra
naḥ glahamānānām jayājayau dhruvau

19. Here, O Great King, all of you should properly protect the Sindhu king in battle, sacrificing your own lives (ātman). O dear one, for us who are making this wager (glaha), victory and defeat are certain there.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, at this time, in this matter

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of you (addressing the warriors) (all, every)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Great King (addressed to Droṇa) (great king, emperor)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having sacrificed, having given up (their lives) (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - one's life (life, existence, livelihood)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of one's own (life) (of oneself, of the soul (ātman))

• सैन्धवस्य (saindhavasya) - of the Sindhu king (Jayadratha) (of the Sindhu king, of the one from Sindhu)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

• रक्षाम् (rakṣām) - protection (protection, guarding, preservation)

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly, as prescribed (according to rule, properly, duly, in due form)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to provide (protection) (to do, to make, to perform)

• अर्हथ (arhatha) - you (plural) ought to, you should (you (plural) ought, you are able, you deserve)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in that situation, referring to the outcome of the gamble) (there, in that place, in that matter)

• नः (naḥ) - for us (to us, for us, our, us)

• ग्लहमानानाम् (glahamānānām) - of us who are making this wager (by protecting Jayadratha) (of those who are gambling/waging)

• ध्रुवौ (dhruvau) - certain (dual, referring to victory and defeat) (certain, fixed, constant (dual))

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address, possibly by Duryodhana to Droṇa or another elder) (father, dear one, respected elder)

• जयाजयौ (jayājayau) - victory and defeat (victory and defeat, success and failure (dual))

Words meanings and morphology

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, at this time, in this matter

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all of you (addressing the warriors) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Here used as an address, hence vocative, agreeing with the implied 'you all'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Great King (addressed to Droṇa) (great king, emperor)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - a great king, emperor

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler, prince
  noun (masculine)

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having sacrificed, having given up (their lives) (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Gerund (absolutive) from root tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - one's life (life, existence, livelihood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence, livelihood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jīv with suffix -ta, meaning 'what is lived'

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Sandhi: jīvitam + ātmanaḥ -> jīvitam ātmanaḥ (m becomes anusvāra)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of one's own (life) (of oneself, of the soul (ātman))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life

सैन्धवस्य (saindhavasya) - of the Sindhu king (Jayadratha) (of the Sindhu king, of the one from Sindhu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to Sindhu, king of Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, fight

Root: raṇ (class 1)

रक्षाम् (rakṣām) - protection (protection, guarding, preservation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rakṣā

rakṣā - protection, guarding, defense, preservation

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly, as prescribed (according to rule, properly, duly, in due form)

(indeclinable)

indeclinable suffix -vat

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to provide (protection) (to do, to make, to perform)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with arhatha.

अर्हथ (arhatha) - you (plural) ought to, you should (you (plural) ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present (lat) of arh

Present Active

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Sandhi: kartum + arhatha -> kartum arhatha (m becomes anusvāra)

तत्र (tatra) - there (in that situation, referring to the outcome of the gamble) (there, in that place, in that matter)

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - for us (to us, for us, our, us)

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Here genitive, 'for us' or 'our'. Sandhi: naḥ + glahamānānām -> no glahamānānām (visarga -> o before voiced consonant)

ग्लहमानानाम् (glahamānānām) - of us who are making this wager (by protecting Jayadratha) (of those who are gambling/waging)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of glahamāna

glahamāna - gambling, staking, wagering

Present Middle Participle

Present Middle Participle from root glah-

Root: glah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'our'.

ध्रुवौ (dhruvau) - certain (dual, referring to victory and defeat) (certain, fixed, constant (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, firm, certain, constant

Note: Agrees with jayājayau.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (an affectionate address, possibly by Duryodhana to Droṇa or another elder) (father, dear one, respected elder)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear, darling (term of endearment for younger or respected elder)

जयाजयौ (jayājayau) - victory and defeat (victory and defeat, success and failure (dual))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of jayājaya

jayājaya - victory and defeat

Compound type : dvandva (jaya+ajaya)

• jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ajaya – defeat, non-conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: a

Note: Dvandva compound.