महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-100, verse-37

तं तथा वादिनं राजंस्तव पुत्रं महारथम् ।
प्रत्युद्ययुः प्रमुदिताः पाञ्चाला जयगृद्धिनः ॥३७॥

37. taṁ tathā vādinaṁ rājaṁstava putraṁ mahāratham ,
pratyudyayuḥ pramuditāḥ pāñcālā jayagṛddhinaḥ.

37. tam tathā vādinam rājan tava putram mahāratham
pratyudyayuḥ pramuditāḥ pāñcālāḥ jayagṛddhinaḥ

37. rājan pramuditāḥ jayagṛddhinaḥ pāñcālāḥ tathā
vādinam tava putram mahāratham tam pratyudyayuḥ

37. O King (rājan), the delighted Pāñcālas, eager for victory, went forth to confront your son, the great warrior (mahāratha), who was speaking in that manner.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that one)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that way, so

• वादिनम् (vādinam) - speaking, saying

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King!)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• पुत्रम् (putram) - Duryodhana (your son) (son)

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - Duryodhana, who is a great warrior (a great warrior (mahāratha))

• प्रत्युद्ययुः (pratyudyayuḥ) - went forth to meet, confronted

• प्रमुदिताः (pramuditāḥ) - highly delighted, overjoyed

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcālas (people from Pañcāla kingdom)

• जयगृद्धिनः (jayagṛddhinaḥ) - eager for victory, desiring victory

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that way, so

(indeclinable)

वादिनम् (vādinam) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vādin

vādin - speaking, saying; speaker, advocate

present active participle (or agent noun)

Derived from root 'vad' (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'putram' and 'mahāratham'

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular and plural)

पुत्रम् (putram) - Duryodhana (your son) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

महारथम् (mahāratham) - Duryodhana, who is a great warrior (a great warrior (mahāratha))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior; one with a great chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'putram'

प्रत्युद्ययुः (pratyudyayuḥ) - went forth to meet, confronted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pratyudī

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: i (class 2)

प्रमुदिताः (pramuditāḥ) - highly delighted, overjoyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pramudita

mudita - delighted, glad

past passive participle

Derived from root 'mud' (to rejoice) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pāñcālāḥ'

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Pāñcālas (people from Pañcāla kingdom)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - of the Pañcāla country; an inhabitant of Pañcāla

Derived from Pañcāla (name of a country/people)

जयगृद्धिनः (jayagṛddhinaḥ) - eager for victory, desiring victory

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jayagṛddhin

jayagṛddhin - desiring victory, greedy for success

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jaya+gṛddhin)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• gṛddhin – eager, greedy, covetous, longing for
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'gṛdh' (to be greedy)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'pāñcālāḥ'