महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-100, verse-17

इच्छन्तो निधनं युद्धे शस्त्रैरुत्तमतेजसः ।
स्वर्गार्थं मित्रकार्यार्थं नाभ्यरक्षन्त जीवितम् ॥१७॥

17. icchanto nidhanaṁ yuddhe śastrairuttamatejasaḥ ,
svargārthaṁ mitrakāryārthaṁ nābhyarakṣanta jīvitam.

17. icchantaḥ nidhanam yuddhe śastraiḥ uttamatejasaḥ
svargārtham mitrakāryārtham na abhyarakṣanta jīvitam

17. uttamatejasaḥ yuddhe śastraiḥ nidhanam icchantaḥ
svargārtham mitrakāryārtham jīvitam na abhyarakṣanta

17. Those of excellent valor, desiring death by weapons in battle, did not protect their lives for the sake of heaven or for their friends' cause.

Words meanings summery:

• इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring, wishing, wanting

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - by weapons, with weapons

• उत्तमतेजसः (uttamatejasaḥ) - referring to the warriors as being of excellent valor (of excellent valor, having supreme energy, very powerful)

• स्वर्गार्थम् (svargārtham) - for the sake of heaven

• मित्रकार्यार्थम् (mitrakāryārtham) - for the sake of a friend's cause/purpose

• न (na) - not

• अभ्यरक्षन्त (abhyarakṣanta) - they did not protect (they protected (negated by 'na'))

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, existence

Words meanings and morphology

इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring, wishing, wanting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'iṣ' (to wish, desire).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

निधनम् (nidhanam) - death, destruction

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, end

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - by weapons, with weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śastra

śastra - weapon, arm, instrument

उत्तमतेजसः (uttamatejasaḥ) - referring to the warriors as being of excellent valor (of excellent valor, having supreme energy, very powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uttamatejas

uttamatejas - of excellent valor/splendor/energy, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (uttama+tejas)

• uttama – excellent, best, highest
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, power, energy, valor, brilliance
  noun (neuter)

स्वर्गार्थम् (svargārtham) - for the sake of heaven

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+artha)

• svarga – heaven, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, sake, object
  noun (masculine)

मित्रकार्यार्थम् (mitrakāryārtham) - for the sake of a friend's cause/purpose

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+kārya+artha)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (neuter)
• kārya – deed, action, cause, duty
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive/Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, sake, object
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभ्यरक्षन्त (abhyarakṣanta) - they did not protect (they protected (negated by 'na'))

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of abhi-rakṣ

Prefix: abhi

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, existence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence, living