महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-100, verse-26

संजय उवाच ।
राजन्संग्राममाश्चर्यं तव पुत्रस्य भारत ।
एकस्य च बहूनां च शृणुष्व गदतोऽद्भुतम् ॥२६॥

26. saṁjaya uvāca ,
rājansaṁgrāmamāścaryaṁ tava putrasya bhārata ,
ekasya ca bahūnāṁ ca śṛṇuṣva gadato'dbhutam.

26. sañjaya uvāca rājan saṅgrāmam āścaryam tava putrasya
bhārata ekasya ca bahūnām ca śṛṇuṣva gadataḥ adbhutam

26. sañjaya uvāca rājan bhārata tava putrasya ekasya ca
bahūnām ca āścaryam saṅgrāmam gadataḥ adbhutam śṛṇuṣva

26. Sañjaya said: O King, O descendant of Bhārata, hear from me a wonderful account as I speak of the astonishing battle of your son, [a battle] involving one against many.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhritarashtra. (O king)

• सङ्ग्रामम् (saṅgrāmam) - battle, war, combat

• आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - Describing the battle (saṅgrāmam). (astonishing, wonderful, miraculous)

• तव (tava) - Refers to Dhritarashtra. (your, of you)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - Refers to Duryodhana, Dhritarashtra's son. (of the son, son's)

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhritarashtra. (O descendant of Bharata)

• एकस्य (ekasya) - Refers to Duryodhana as a single individual fighting. (of one, by one)

• च (ca) - Connects 'of one' and 'of many'. (and, also)

• बहूनाम् (bahūnām) - Refers to the many opponents Duryodhana faced. (of many, among many)

• च (ca) - and, also

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - Command to Dhritarashtra. (hear, listen)

• गदतः (gadataḥ) - Qualifies an implied 'me' (Sanjaya). (speaking, narrating)

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - Object of 'hear', referring to the wonderful account. (a wonder, a marvel)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

Note: Refers to the narrator, Sanjaya.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Formed from root vac- with reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhritarashtra. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सङ्ग्रामम् (saṅgrāmam) - battle, war, combat

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

Note: Object of 'hear'.

आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - Describing the battle (saṅgrāmam). (astonishing, wonderful, miraculous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - astonishment, wonder, surprise, astonishing, wonderful

Can also function as an adjective.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

तव (tava) - Refers to Dhritarashtra. (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - Refers to Duryodhana, Dhritarashtra's son. (of the son, son's)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhritarashtra. (O descendant of Bharata)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior

Derived from Bharata, often used as an address for prominent figures in the Kuru lineage.

एकस्य (ekasya) - Refers to Duryodhana as a single individual fighting. (of one, by one)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone

Cardinal numeral, functions as a pronoun/adjective.

च (ca) - Connects 'of one' and 'of many'. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

बहूनाम् (bahūnām) - Refers to the many opponents Duryodhana faced. (of many, among many)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the conjunction.

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - Command to Dhritarashtra. (hear, listen)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative middle

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular, middle voice (or active for some roots).

Root: śru (class 5)

गदतः (gadataḥ) - Qualifies an implied 'me' (Sanjaya). (speaking, narrating)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gad

gad - to speak, to say

present active participle

Present active participle, masculine, singular, genitive case. Denotes 'of one who is speaking'.

Root: gad (class 1)

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - Object of 'hear', referring to the wonderful account. (a wonder, a marvel)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, astonishing, a marvel