महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-100, verse-23

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
तथा गतेषु सैन्येषु तथा कृच्छ्रगतः स्वयम् ।
कच्चिद्दुर्योधनः सूत नाकार्षीत्पृष्ठतो रणम् ॥२३॥

23. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
tathā gateṣu sainyeṣu tathā kṛcchragataḥ svayam ,
kaccidduryodhanaḥ sūta nākārṣītpṛṣṭhato raṇam.

23. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca tathā gateṣu sainyeṣu tathā kṛcchragataḥ
svayam kaccit duryodhanaḥ sūta na akārṣīt pṛṣṭhataḥ raṇam

23. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca sūta tathā sainyeṣu gateṣu tathā svayam
kṛcchragataḥ kaccit duryodhanaḥ raṇam pṛṣṭhataḥ na akārṣīt

23. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: O charioteer (Sūta), when the armies had thus retreated and he himself was in such distress, Duryodhana did not, I hope, flee the battle?

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Name of the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

• गतेषु (gateṣu) - having gone, retreated, dispersed

• सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - in/among the armies

• तथा (tathā) - and thus, also

• कृच्छ्रगतः (kṛcchragataḥ) - fallen into distress, in difficulty

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, personally

• कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that not, surely not

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Name of the Kaurava prince (Duryodhana)

• सूत (sūta) - O Sañjaya (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator) (O charioteer)

• न (na) - not, no

• अकार्षीत् (akārṣīt) - did, made, performed

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, with one's back turned

• रणम् (raṇam) - battle, war, fighting

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Name of the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

गतेषु (gateṣu) - having gone, retreated, dispersed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of gata

gata - gone, arrived, passed

Past Passive Participle

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies sainyeṣu.

सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - in/among the armies

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host

तथा (tathā) - and thus, also

(indeclinable)

कृच्छ्रगतः (kṛcchragataḥ) - fallen into distress, in difficulty

(compound)

Compound type : dvitīyā-tatpuruṣa (kṛcchra+gata)

• kṛcchra – difficulty, distress, hardship
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, fallen into
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: gam (class 1)

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself, personally

(indeclinable)

कच्चित् (kaccit) - I hope that not, surely not

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Name of the Kaurava prince (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the prince)

सूत (sūta) - O Sañjaya (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator) (O charioteer)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अकार्षीत् (akārṣīt) - did, made, performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, with one's back turned

(indeclinable)

Derived from pṛṣṭha (back) with tas suffix.

रणम् (raṇam) - battle, war, fighting

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat