महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-85, verse-28

तत्र भारत भीमेन नाराचाभिहता गजाः ।
पेतुः सेदुश्च नेदुश्च दिशश्च परिबभ्रमुः ॥२८॥

28. tatra bhārata bhīmena nārācābhihatā gajāḥ ,
petuḥ seduśca neduśca diśaśca paribabhramuḥ.

28. tatra bhārata bhīmena nārācābhihatāḥ gajāḥ
petuḥ seduḥ ca neduḥ ca diśaḥ ca paribabhramuḥ

28. bhārata tatra bhīmena nārācābhihatāḥ gajāḥ
petuḥ ca seduḥ ca neduḥ ca diśaḥ paribabhramuḥ

28. O Bharata, there the elephants, struck by Bhima's iron arrows, fell, collapsed, roared, and stumbled in all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

• भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima

• नाराचाभिहताः (nārācābhihatāḥ) - struck by iron arrows

• गजाः (gajāḥ) - the elephants (elephants)

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell (they fell)

• सेदुः (seduḥ) - collapsed (they sank, they became dejected)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नेदुः (neduḥ) - roared (they roared, they sounded)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions (directions, quarters (of space))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• परिबभ्रमुः (paribabhramuḥ) - stumbled in all directions (they wandered about, they staggered, they were confused)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + tral (locative suffix)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

Derived from Bharata

Note: Addressing the listener, Dhritarashtra.

भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima; formidable, terrible

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agent of striking (nārācābhihatāḥ).

नाराचाभिहताः (nārācābhihatāḥ) - struck by iron arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nārācābhihata

nārācābhihata - struck by iron arrows

Past Passive Participle

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'those by whom arrows are struck'. From nārāca (iron arrow) and abhihata (struck)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nārāca+abhihata)

• nārāca – iron arrow
  noun (masculine)
• abhihata – struck, hit
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From abhi-han (to strike) + kta suffix
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies gajāḥ.

गजाः (gajāḥ) - the elephants (elephants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

From root gaj (to roar)

Root: gaj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verbs petuḥ, seduḥ, neduḥ, paribabhramuḥ.

पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell (they fell)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Root pat, third person plural perfect

Root: pat (class 1)

सेदुः (seduḥ) - collapsed (they sank, they became dejected)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of sad

Root sad, third person plural perfect

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'seduḥ' to 'petuḥ'.

नेदुः (neduḥ) - roared (they roared, they sounded)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of nad

Root nad, third person plural perfect

Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'neduḥ' to 'seduḥ'.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions (directions, quarters (of space))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of space

From root diś (to point, show)

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'paribabhramuḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'diśaḥ' to the previous actions.

परिबभ्रमुः (paribabhramuḥ) - stumbled in all directions (they wandered about, they staggered, they were confused)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pari-bhram

Root bhram, with upasarga pari, third person plural perfect

Prefix: pari

Root: bhram (class 1)