महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-85, verse-14

मध्याह्ने सुमहारौद्रः संग्रामः समपद्यत ।
लोकक्षयकरो राजंस्तन्मे निगदतः शृणु ॥१४॥

14. madhyāhne sumahāraudraḥ saṁgrāmaḥ samapadyata ,
lokakṣayakaro rājaṁstanme nigadataḥ śṛṇu.

14. madhyāhne sumahā-raudraḥ saṅgrāmaḥ samapadyata
loka-kṣaya-karaḥ rājan tat me nigadataḥ śṛṇu

14. rājan,
madhyāhne su-mahā-raudraḥ loka-kṣaya-karaḥ saṅgrāmaḥ samapadyata.
tat me nigadataḥ śṛṇu

14. At midday, O King, a very dreadful battle (saṃgrāma) ensued, one that caused the destruction of the world (loka). Listen to me as I narrate that.

Words meanings summery:

• मध्याह्ने (madhyāhne) - at midday, in the middle of the day

• सुमहा-रौद्रः (sumahā-raudraḥ) - very dreadful, exceedingly fierce

• सङ्ग्रामः (saṅgrāmaḥ) - battle (saṃgrāma) (battle, war, encounter)

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - it transpired, it ensued (it happened, it occurred, it came about)

• लोक-क्षय-करः (loka-kṣaya-karaḥ) - causing the destruction of the world (loka) (causing destruction of the world/people)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• तत् (tat) - that (account of the battle) (that, it)

• मे (me) - from me (to me, from me, my)

• निगदतः (nigadataḥ) - as I narrate, while speaking (speaking, narrating, declaring (while doing so))

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear (imperative)

Words meanings and morphology

मध्याह्ने (madhyāhne) - at midday, in the middle of the day

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of madhyāhna

madhyāhna - midday, noon

Compound of madhya (middle) + ahna (day)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhya+ahna)

• madhya – middle, central
  adjective (neuter)
• ahna – day
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverb of time.

सुमहा-रौद्रः (sumahā-raudraḥ) - very dreadful, exceedingly fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahā-raudra

sumahā-raudra - very dreadful, exceedingly fierce

Compound of su- (good/very) + mahā (great) + raudra (dreadful)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahā+raudra)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• raudra – dreadful, fierce, terrible
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from rudra (name of a deity)
  Root: rud

Note: Modifies 'saṅgrāmaḥ'.

सङ्ग्रामः (saṅgrāmaḥ) - battle (saṃgrāma) (battle, war, encounter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, encounter, conflict

Root gram (to go) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - it transpired, it ensued (it happened, it occurred, it came about)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pad

Imperfect, third person singular

Root pad (to go) with prefixes sam-a

Prefixes: sam+a

Root: pad (class 4)

लोक-क्षय-करः (loka-kṣaya-karaḥ) - causing the destruction of the world (loka) (causing destruction of the world/people)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka-kṣaya-kara

loka-kṣaya-kara - causing the destruction of the world/people

Compound of loka (world/people) + kṣaya (destruction) + kara (making/causing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+kṣaya+kara)

• loka – world, people, universe
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)
• kṣaya – destruction, ruin, loss
  noun (masculine)
  Root kṣi (to destroy/perish) + a (suffix)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• kara – making, causing, doing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Root kṛ (to do/make) + a (suffix)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'saṅgrāmaḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addresses Dhritarashtra.

तत् (tat) - that (account of the battle) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)

मे (me) - from me (to me, from me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Acts as the source for 'nigadataḥ'.

निगदतः (nigadataḥ) - as I narrate, while speaking (speaking, narrating, declaring (while doing so))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nigadat

nigadat - speaking, narrating, declaring

Present Active Participle

Root gad (to speak) with prefix ni-, conjugated as present participle

Prefix: ni

Root: gad (class 1)

Note: Genitive singular, agreeing with an implied subject (of 'me'). Used adverbially ("from me, who is speaking").

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative, second person singular

Root: śru (class 5)