महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-85, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
दृष्ट्वा मम हतान्पुत्रान्बहूनेकेन संजय ।
भीष्मो द्रोणः कृपश्चैव किमकुर्वत संयुगे ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
dṛṣṭvā mama hatānputrānbahūnekena saṁjaya ,
bhīṣmo droṇaḥ kṛpaścaiva kimakurvata saṁyuge.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca dṛṣṭvā mama hatān putrān bahūn ekena
saṃjaya bhīṣmaḥ droṇaḥ kṛpaḥ ca eva kim akurvata saṃyuge

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca saṃjaya ekena bahūn mama hatān putrān
dṛṣṭvā bhīṣmaḥ droṇaḥ kṛpaḥ ca eva saṃyuge kim akurvata

1. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: "Having seen my many sons slain by one (person), Sañjaya, what then did Bhīṣma, Droṇa, and Kṛpa do in the battle?"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Proper Noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• हतान् (hatān) - slain (killed, slain)

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• बहून् (bahūn) - many (many, numerous)

• एकेन (ekena) - by one (person, referring to Abhimanyu or Arjuna, depending on context from wider text) (by one)

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya (O Sañjaya (Proper Noun))

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma (Proper Noun))

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (Proper Noun))

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa (Kṛpa (Proper Noun))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - then (emphatic) (only, indeed, just)

• किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

• अकुर्वत (akurvata) - they did

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Proper Noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

Note: Subject of "uvāca"

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

perfect

3rd person singular perfect active of root 'vac' (reduplicated with stem va-)

Root: vac (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'dṛś' with suffix '-tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Dhṛtarāṣṭra's statement.

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Possessive, refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

हतान् (hatān) - slain (killed, slain)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' with suffix '-ta'

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with "putrān"

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of "dṛṣṭvā"

बहून् (bahūn) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, much

Note: Agrees with "putrān"

एकेन (ekena) - by one (person, referring to Abhimanyu or Arjuna, depending on context from wider text) (by one)

(numeral)

Note: Agent by whom the sons were slain.

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya (O Sañjaya (Proper Noun))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

Note: Dhṛtarāṣṭra addresses Sañjaya.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma (Proper Noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (grand-uncle of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)

Note: One of the subjects of "akurvata"

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (Proper Noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (teacher of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)

Note: One of the subjects of "akurvata"

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa (Kṛpa (Proper Noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (a warrior, brother-in-law of Droṇa)

Note: One of the subjects of "akurvata"

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of warriors.

एव (eva) - then (emphatic) (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which, why

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

अकुर्वत (akurvata) - they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

imperfect

3rd person plural imperfect middle of root 'kṛ'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The plural form fits the three subjects (Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Kṛpa).

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Specifies the location of the action.