महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-85, verse-21

तत्राक्रन्दो महानासीत्सृञ्जयानां महात्मनाम् ।
वध्यतां समरे राजन्भारद्वाजेन धन्विना ॥२१॥

21. tatrākrando mahānāsītsṛñjayānāṁ mahātmanām ,
vadhyatāṁ samare rājanbhāradvājena dhanvinā.

21. tatra ākrandāḥ mahān āsīt sṛñjayānām mahātmanām
vadhyatām samare rājan bhāradvājena dhanvinā

21. rājan tatra samare bhāradvājena dhanvinā vadhyatām
mahātmanām sṛñjayānām mahān ākrandāḥ āsīt

21. There, O King, a great cry of distress (ākrandana) arose from the great-souled Srinjayas, who were being slain in battle by the archer Drona (Bhāradvāja).

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in the battle) (there; in that place; then)

• आक्रन्दाः (ākrandāḥ) - a cry of distress (a cry; lamentation; wailing)

• महान् (mahān) - great (great; large; mighty)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there arose/was (he/she/it was; there was)

• सृञ्जयानाम् (sṛñjayānām) - from the Srinjayas (of the Srinjayas)

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled (Srinjayas) (of the great-souled; of the noble-minded)

• वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - of those who were being slain (of those being killed/slain)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle; in war)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhritarashtra) (O King)

• भारद्वाजेन (bhāradvājena) - by Drona (son of Bharadvaja) (by Bharadvaja's son; by Drona)

• धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer (Drona) (by the archer; by the bowman)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there (in the battle) (there; in that place; then)

(indeclinable)

Locative of the pronominal stem 'tad'.

आक्रन्दाः (ākrandāḥ) - a cry of distress (a cry; lamentation; wailing)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākrandas

ākrandas - cry; lamentation; wailing; shouting

From 'ā' (towards) + 'krand' (to cry, shout). s-stem.

Prefix: ā

Root: krand (class 1)

Note: The nominative singular form is 'ākrandāḥ', which becomes 'ākrandāḥ' after sandhi with 'mahān'.

महान् (mahān) - great (great; large; mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great; large; mighty; powerful

Root 'mah' (to grow, be great) + 'at' suffix.

Root: mah (class 1)

आसीत् (āsīt) - there arose/was (he/she/it was; there was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

सृञ्जयानाम् (sṛñjayānām) - from the Srinjayas (of the Srinjayas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - name of a people or tribe (allied with Pandavas)

Note: Genitive plural, indicating source of the cry.

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled (Srinjayas) (of the great-souled; of the noble-minded)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled; noble-minded; high-minded; magnanimous; a great person

'mahā' (great) + 'ātman' (soul, self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great; large; mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of 'mahat', used in compounds.
• ātman – self; soul; essence; spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the Srinjayas.

वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - of those who were being slain (of those being killed/slain)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadhyat

vadhyat - being killed; being slain

Present Passive Participle

Passive stem 'vadhya' (from 'han', to kill) + 'śatṛ' (present participle suffix).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies the Srinjayas, describing their state.

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle; in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle; war; conflict

'sam' (together) + 'ara' (going, moving).

Root: ṛ (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhritarashtra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king; ruler; sovereign

Vocative singular.

Root: rāj

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra.

भारद्वाजेन (bhāradvājena) - by Drona (son of Bharadvaja) (by Bharadvaja's son; by Drona)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvaja; referring to Drona

Patronymic 'bharadvāja' + 'aṇ' suffix.

Note: Instrumental singular, indicating the agent of slaying.

धन्विना (dhanvinā) - by the archer (Drona) (by the archer; by the bowman)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer; bowman; one possessing a bow

From 'dhanus' (bow) + '-in' suffix.

Note: Qualifies Drona.