महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-17, verse-38

स रथानीकवान्व्यूहो हस्त्यङ्गोत्तमशीर्षवान् ।
वाजिपक्षः पतन्नुग्रः प्राहरत्सर्वतोमुखः ॥३८॥

38. sa rathānīkavānvyūho hastyaṅgottamaśīrṣavān ,
vājipakṣaḥ patannugraḥ prāharatsarvatomukhaḥ.

38. saḥ rathānīkavān vyūhaḥ hastyaṅgottamaśīrṣavān
vājipakṣaḥ patan ugraḥ prāharat sarvatomukhaḥ

38. saḥ rathānīkavān hastyaṅgottamaśīrṣavān vājipakṣaḥ
ugraḥ sarvatomukhaḥ vyūhaḥ patan prāharat

38. That battle formation (vyūha), having divisions of chariots, its excellent head formed by elephant corps, and wings of cavalry, charged fiercely, assailing from every direction.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• रथानीकवान् (rathānīkavān) - having chariotry divisions

• व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - battle array, military formation, arrangement

• हस्त्यङ्गोत्तमशीर्षवान् (hastyaṅgottamaśīrṣavān) - its excellent head formed by elephant corps (having its head composed of excellent elephant forces/units)

• वाजिपक्षः (vājipakṣaḥ) - having cavalry wings, with horse flanks

• पतन् (patan) - falling, rushing, charging

• उग्रः (ugraḥ) - fierce, terrible, mighty

• प्राहरत् (prāharat) - attacked, struck

• सर्वतोमुखः (sarvatomukhaḥ) - facing all directions, omnipresent, universal

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

रथानीकवान् (rathānīkavān) - having chariotry divisions

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathānīkavat

rathānīkavat - having chariotry divisions

Possessive suffix -vat appended to rathānīka.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ratha+anīka)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, division, host, array
  noun (neuter)

व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - battle array, military formation, arrangement

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - array, formation, disposition of troops

हस्त्यङ्गोत्तमशीर्षवान् (hastyaṅgottamaśīrṣavān) - its excellent head formed by elephant corps (having its head composed of excellent elephant forces/units)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hastyaṅgottamaśīrṣavat

hastyaṅgottamaśīrṣavat - having elephant units as its excellent head

Possessive suffix -vat appended to a compound (hastyaṅga-uttama-śīrṣa).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hastyaṅga+uttama+śīrṣa)

• hastyaṅga – elephant corps, elephant unit
  noun (neuter)
• uttama – excellent, best, supreme
  adjective
• śīrṣa – head, top, front
  noun (neuter)

वाजिपक्षः (vājipakṣaḥ) - having cavalry wings, with horse flanks

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vājipakṣa

vājipakṣa - horse-wing, cavalry flank (as part of an army formation)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vājin+pakṣa)

• vājin – horse
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣa – wing, side, flank (of an army)
  noun (masculine)

पतन् (patan) - falling, rushing, charging

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patat

patat - falling, flying, rushing, charging

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall, fly, rush)

Root: pat (class 1)

उग्रः (ugraḥ) - fierce, terrible, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, formidable, mighty

प्राहरत् (prāharat) - attacked, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of hṛ

Root: hṛ (class 1)

सर्वतोमुखः (sarvatomukhaḥ) - facing all directions, omnipresent, universal

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvatomukha

sarvatomukha - facing all directions, having mouths/faces everywhere, universal

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarvatas+mukha)

• sarvatas – from all sides, everywhere
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, opening, front
  noun (neuter)