महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-17, verse-20

स तु गोवासनः शैब्यः सहितः सर्वराजभिः ।
ययौ मातङ्गराजेन राजार्हेण पताकिना ।
पद्मवर्णस्त्वनीकानां सर्वेषामग्रतः स्थितः ॥२०॥

20. sa tu govāsanaḥ śaibyaḥ sahitaḥ sarvarājabhiḥ ,
yayau mātaṅgarājena rājārheṇa patākinā ,
padmavarṇastvanīkānāṁ sarveṣāmagrataḥ sthitaḥ.

20. saḥ tu govāsanaḥ śaibyaḥ sahitaḥ
sarvarājabhiḥ yayau mātaṅgarājena
rājārheṇa patākinā padmavarṇaḥ tu
anīkānām sarveṣām agrataḥ sthitaḥ

20. saḥ tu govāsanaḥ śaibyaḥ sarvarājabhiḥ sahitaḥ rājārheṇa patākinā mātaṅgarājena yayau.
padmavarṇaḥ tu sarveṣām anīkānām agrataḥ sthitaḥ.

20. Indeed, Govāsana, the Śaibya king, accompanied by all the other kings, proceeded with a royal (rājārha) elephant bearing a banner (patākin). Furthermore, Padmavarṇa stood at the forefront of all the armies.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Govāsana) (he, that)

• तु (tu) - indeed, furthermore (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

• गोवासनः (govāsanaḥ) - King Govāsana (Govāsana (a king's name))

• शैब्यः (śaibyaḥ) - the Śaibya (king) (descendant of Śibi, belonging to the Śibi tribe, Śaibya)

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, joined with, together with)

• सर्वराजभिः (sarvarājabhiḥ) - by all the kings (by all kings)

• ययौ (yayau) - he proceeded (to battle) (he went, he proceeded)

• मातङ्गराजेन (mātaṅgarājena) - with an elephant, a royal elephant (by the elephant king, by the lord of elephants)

• राजार्हेण (rājārheṇa) - by the royal (elephant) (by that which is worthy of a king, by the royal)

• पताकिना (patākinā) - by the banner-bearing (elephant) (by him who has a banner, by the banner-bearer)

• पद्मवर्णः (padmavarṇaḥ) - Padmavarṇa (a warrior's name) (lotus-colored, Padmavarṇa (a name))

• तु (tu) - furthermore (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

• अनीकानाम् (anīkānām) - of the armies (of the armies, of the hosts)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (armies) (of all)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - at the forefront (in front, at the head, before)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood (positioned) (standing, situated, placed)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Govāsana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - indeed, furthermore (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

गोवासनः (govāsanaḥ) - King Govāsana (Govāsana (a king's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of govāsana

govāsana - Name of a king; wearing cowhide (less likely in context)

शैब्यः (śaibyaḥ) - the Śaibya (king) (descendant of Śibi, belonging to the Śibi tribe, Śaibya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaibya

śaibya - king of the Śibis, a prince of the Śibi tribe

Patronymic/tribal name from Śibi.

Note: Epithet for Govāsana.

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, joined with, together with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied, associated with, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From 'sah' (to bear) with prefix 'sa' or directly related to 'saha' (with).

Prefix: sa

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively with Govāsana.

सर्वराजभिः (sarvarājabhiḥ) - by all the kings (by all kings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvarāja

sarvarāja - all kings

Compound

Compound type : Tatpurusha (sarva+rājan)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: In agreement with 'sahitaḥ'.

ययौ (yayau) - he proceeded (to battle) (he went, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect tense (liṭ) formation

Reduplicated root, 3rd person singular active.

Root: yā (class 2)

मातङ्गराजेन (mātaṅgarājena) - with an elephant, a royal elephant (by the elephant king, by the lord of elephants)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mātaṅgarāja

mātaṅgarāja - elephant king, lord of elephants

Compound

Compound type : Tatpurusha (mātaṅga+rājan)

• mātaṅga – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)

राजार्हेण (rājārheṇa) - by the royal (elephant) (by that which is worthy of a king, by the royal)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājārha

rājārha - worthy of a king, royal

Compound

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rājan+arha)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• arha – worthy, deserving, fitting
  adjective
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Agreement with 'mātaṅgarājena'.

पताकिना (patākinā) - by the banner-bearing (elephant) (by him who has a banner, by the banner-bearer)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of patākin

patākin - furnished with a banner, bearing a banner, a standard-bearer

From 'patākā' (banner) + 'in' (possessive suffix).

Note: Agreement with 'mātaṅgarājena'.

पद्मवर्णः (padmavarṇaḥ) - Padmavarṇa (a warrior's name) (lotus-colored, Padmavarṇa (a name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padmavarṇa

padmavarṇa - lotus-colored, (proper name)

Compound

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (padma+varṇa)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• varṇa – color, form, caste
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

तु (tu) - furthermore (but, indeed, moreover, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

अनीकानाम् (anīkānām) - of the armies (of the armies, of the hosts)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, front, battle array

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (armies) (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - at the forefront (in front, at the head, before)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'agra' (front, tip) + 'tasi' (suffix for location/direction).

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stood (positioned) (standing, situated, placed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, staying, situated, established

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used as a verb 'stood' in English.