महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-17, verse-11

अधर्मः क्षत्रियस्यैष यद्व्याधिमरणं गृहे ।
यदाजौ निधनं याति सोऽस्य धर्मः सनातनः ॥११॥

11. adharmaḥ kṣatriyasyaiṣa yadvyādhimaraṇaṁ gṛhe ,
yadājau nidhanaṁ yāti so'sya dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ.

11. adharmaḥ kṣatriyasya eṣa yat vyādhimaraṇaṃ gṛhe
yadā ājau nidhanaṃ yāti saḥ asya dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ

11. eṣaḥ yat gṛhe vyādhimaraṇaṃ kṣatriyasya adharmaḥ yadā ājau nidhanaṃ yāti,
saḥ asya sanātanaḥ dharmaḥ.

11. For a kshatriya, it is an act against his natural law (adharma) to die of disease at home. When he attains death on the battlefield, that is his eternal natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, non-duty, wrong conduct

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kshatriya

• एष (eṣa) - this, this one

• यत् (yat) - that which, because

• व्याधिमरणं (vyādhimaraṇaṁ) - death by disease

• गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, at home

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in combat

• निधनं (nidhanaṁ) - death, destruction, end

• याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds, obtains, meets

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अस्य (asya) - his, of this

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, everlasting, ancient

Words meanings and morphology

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, non-duty, wrong conduct

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, demerit, injustice, wrong conduct

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kshatriya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class

एष (eṣa) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the 'adharma' mentioned.

यत् (yat) - that which, because

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Acts as a conjunction here, introducing the reason or predicate.

व्याधिमरणं (vyādhimaraṇaṁ) - death by disease

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyādhimaraṇa

vyādhimaraṇa - death by disease

Compound type : tatpurusha (vyādhi+maraṇa)

• vyādhi – disease, sickness
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  root mṛ (to die) + ana suffix
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, at home

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal conjunction

आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āji

āji - battle, combat, race, contest

निधनं (nidhanaṁ) - death, destruction, end

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, end

Note: Object of "yāti"

याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds, obtains, meets

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to "nidhanaṃ yāti" (the act of dying in battle) as the dharma.

अस्य (asya) - his, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the kshatriya.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for "saḥ"

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal, everlasting, ancient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, everlasting, ancient, perpetual

Note: Qualifies "dharmaḥ"