महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-8, verse-17

ततः कुशलपूर्वं स मद्रराजोऽरिसूदनः ।
प्रीत्या परमया युक्तः समाश्लिष्य युधिष्ठिरम् ॥१७॥

17. tataḥ kuśalapūrvaṁ sa madrarājo'risūdanaḥ ,
prītyā paramayā yuktaḥ samāśliṣya yudhiṣṭhiram.

17. tataḥ kuśalapūrvaṃ sa madrarājaḥ arisūdanaḥ
prītyā paramayā yuktaḥ samāśliṣya yudhiṣṭhiram

17. Then, the king of Madra, the tormentor of foes, having first inquired about his welfare, embraced Yudhishthira with great affection.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (thereupon, then, from that)

• कुशलपूर्वं (kuśalapūrvaṁ) - having first inquired about his welfare (having inquired about welfare, after inquiry about well-being)

• स (sa) - he (the king of Madra) (he, that)

• मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the king of Madra (Shalya) (king of Madra)

• अरिसूदनः (arisūdanaḥ) - the tormentor of foes (an epithet for King Shalya) (slayer of enemies, tormentor of foes)

• प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection (with love, with affection, with pleasure)

• परमया (paramayā) - with great (with greatest, with supreme, with highest)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed (with affection) (joined, endowed, connected, engaged)

• समाश्लिष्य (samāśliṣya) - having embraced

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (thereupon, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

derived from tad (that) + -tas suffix

कुशलपूर्वं (kuśalapūrvaṁ) - having first inquired about his welfare (having inquired about welfare, after inquiry about well-being)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśalapūrva

kuśalapūrva - preceded by an inquiry about welfare, having first inquired about welfare

Tatpurusha compound: kuśala (welfare) + pūrva (first, preceded by)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kuśala+pūrva)

• kuśala – welfare, well-being, skill, dexterity
  noun (neuter)
• pūrva – first, prior, preceding, former
  adjective

Note: Adverbial accusative.

स (sa) - he (the king of Madra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Sandhi form of `saḥ` before a soft consonant.

मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the king of Madra (Shalya) (king of Madra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of the Madras (a region and its people)

Tatpurusha compound: Madra (proper name of a kingdom/people) + rāja (king)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (madra+rāja)

• madra – the country of Madra, a people
  proper noun (neuter)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

अरिसूदनः (arisūdanaḥ) - the tormentor of foes (an epithet for King Shalya) (slayer of enemies, tormentor of foes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arisūdana

arisūdana - enemy-slayer, tormentor of foes

Tatpurusha compound: ari (enemy) + sūdana (destroyer, slayer)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (ari+sūdana)

• ari – enemy, foe, opponent
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroying, crushing, slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root `sūd` (to kill, destroy)
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Qualifies `madrarājaḥ`.

प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection (with love, with affection, with pleasure)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - love, affection, pleasure, joy

From root `prī` (to please, satisfy)

Root: prī (class 9)

परमया (paramayā) - with great (with greatest, with supreme, with highest)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of parama

parama - highest, greatest, supreme, best

Superlative form of `para`.

Note: Qualifies `prītyā`.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed (with affection) (joined, endowed, connected, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, fit, proper, engaged in, absorbed in (yoga)

Past Passive Participle

From root `yuj` (to join, to yoke)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Past Passive Participle used adjectivally.

समाश्लिष्य (samāśliṣya) - having embraced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `śliṣ` (to embrace, cling) with prefix `sam-ā`

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śliṣ (class 4)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steady in battle')

Bahuvrihi compound: `yudhi` (in battle, locative of `yudh`) + `sthira` (steady)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – steady, firm, stable, constant
  adjective
  From root `sthā` (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of `samāśliṣya`.