महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-71, verse-21

तदैव निहतो राजन्यदैव निरपत्रपः ।
निन्दितश्च महाराज पृथिव्यां सर्वराजसु ॥२१॥

21. tadaiva nihato rājanyadaiva nirapatrapaḥ ,
ninditaśca mahārāja pṛthivyāṁ sarvarājasu.

21. tadā eva nihataḥ rājan yadā eva nirapatrapaḥ
ninditaḥ ca mahārāja pṛthivyām sarvarājasu

21. O King, he was indeed ruined the very moment he became shameless. And, O Great King, he was condemned among all kings on earth.

Words meanings summery:

• तदा (tadā) - at that very moment (then, at that time)

• एव (eva) - indeed, exactly (just, only, indeed, very)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - ruined (in reputation/status) (struck down, killed, ruined, destroyed)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative address) (O king)

• यदा (yadā) - the moment when (when, at which time)

• एव (eva) - exactly (just, only, indeed, very)

• निरपत्रपः (nirapatrapaḥ) - became utterly shameless (shameless, impudent, without modesty)

• निन्दितः (ninditaḥ) - universally condemned (blamed, censured, condemned)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (vocative address) (O great king)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - throughout the world (on the earth)

• सर्वराजसु (sarvarājasu) - in the eyes of all kings (among all kings)

Words meanings and morphology

तदा (tadā) - at that very moment (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, exactly (just, only, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - ruined (in reputation/status) (struck down, killed, ruined, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed, ruined, vanquished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with upasarga 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Implied 'he' as subject

राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative address) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

यदा (yadā) - the moment when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - exactly (just, only, indeed, very)

(indeclinable)

निरपत्रपः (nirapatrapaḥ) - became utterly shameless (shameless, impudent, without modesty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirapatrapa

nirapatrapa - shameless, impudent, without modesty or shame

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+apatrapā)

• nis – without, out, away from (prefix)
  indeclinable
  Negative/privative prefix
• apatrapā – shame, modesty, bashfulness
  noun (feminine)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'he' (implied subject)

निन्दितः (ninditaḥ) - universally condemned (blamed, censured, condemned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nindita

nindita - blamed, censured, despised, condemned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'nind' (to blame)

Root: nind (class 1)

Note: Implied 'he' as subject

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (vocative address) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - throughout the world (on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

सर्वराजसु (sarvarājasu) - in the eyes of all kings (among all kings)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarvarāja

sarvarāja - all kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa or karmadhāraya (sarva+rājan)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)