महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-146, verse-6

नीचैः स्थित्वा तु विदुर उपास्ते स्म विनीतवत् ।
प्रेष्यवत्पुरुषव्याघ्रो वालव्यजनमुत्क्षिपन् ॥६॥

6. nīcaiḥ sthitvā tu vidura upāste sma vinītavat ,
preṣyavatpuruṣavyāghro vālavyajanamutkṣipan.

6. nīcaiḥ sthitvā tu viduraḥ upāste sma vinītavat
preṣyavat puruṣavyāghraḥ vālavyajanam utkṣipan

6. tu puruṣavyāghraḥ viduraḥ nīcaiḥ sthitvā vinītavat
preṣyavat vālavyajanam utkṣipan sma upāste

6. But Vidura, that tiger among men (puruṣa), positioning himself humbly, respectfully attended (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), like a servant, waving the chowrie.

Words meanings summery:

• नीचैः (nīcaiḥ) - humbly, lowly

• स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood, having remained, having positioned oneself

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• उपास्ते (upāste) - he attended, worshipped

• स्म (sma) - (past tense auxiliary)

• विनीतवत् (vinītavat) - respectfully, politely

• प्रेष्यवत् (preṣyavat) - like a servant

• पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - Vidura, the tiger among men (tiger among men, best of men)

• वालव्यजनम् (vālavyajanam) - chowrie, fly-whisk

• उत्क्षिपन् (utkṣipan) - waving, wielding, throwing up

Words meanings and morphology

नीचैः (nīcaiḥ) - humbly, lowly

(indeclinable)

From 'nīca' (low) formed with adverbial suffix '-ais'.

स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood, having remained, having positioned oneself

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root "sthā" (to stand, remain) + absolutive suffix "-tvā".

Root: sthā (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name)

Note: Subject of 'upāste'.

उपास्ते (upāste) - he attended, worshipped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upās

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From prefix "upa" + root "ās" (to sit).

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Used with 'sma' for past tense.

स्म (sma) - (past tense auxiliary)

(indeclinable)

When appended to a present tense verb, it converts it to past tense.

Note: Acts as a past tense marker for 'upāste'.

विनीतवत् (vinītavat) - respectfully, politely

(indeclinable)

From 'vinīta' (well-behaved) + suffix '-vat' (like, as).

प्रेष्यवत् (preṣyavat) - like a servant

(indeclinable)

From 'preṣya' (servant, messenger) + suffix '-vat' (like, as).

पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - Vidura, the tiger among men (tiger among men, best of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, chief of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, male, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for Vidura, agreeing with 'viduraḥ'.

वालव्यजनम् (vālavyajanam) - chowrie, fly-whisk

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vālavyajana

vālavyajana - chowrie, fly-whisk (made of animal tail hair)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāla+vyajana)

• vāla – hair, tail (of an animal)
  noun (masculine)
• vyajana – fan, whisk
  noun (neuter)
  From root "vyaj" (to fan, to wave).
  Root: vyaj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'utkṣipan'.

उत्क्षिपन् (utkṣipan) - waving, wielding, throwing up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utkṣipat

utkṣipat - waving, throwing up, wielding

Present Active Participle

From prefix "ut" + root "kṣip" (to throw) + present participle suffix "-at".

Prefix: ut

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'viduraḥ'.