महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-146, verse-26

विररामैवमुक्त्वा तु विदुरो दीनमानसः ।
प्रध्यायमानः स तदा निःश्वसंश्च पुनः पुनः ॥२६॥

26. virarāmaivamuktvā tu viduro dīnamānasaḥ ,
pradhyāyamānaḥ sa tadā niḥśvasaṁśca punaḥ punaḥ.

26. virarāma evam uktvā tu viduraḥ dīnamānasaḥ
pradhyāyamānaḥ saḥ tadā niḥśvasan ca punaḥ punaḥ

26. viduraḥ dīnamānasaḥ evam uktvā tu virarāma tadā
saḥ pradhyāyamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ niḥśvasan ca (āsīt)

26. Having spoken thus, Vidura, with a dejected mind, ceased speaking. Then, he, deeply contemplating and sighing again and again, remained silent.

Words meanings summery:

• विरराम (virarāma) - stopped, ceased, desisted

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• दीनमानसः (dīnamānasaḥ) - dejected-minded, sorrowful, sad

• प्रध्यायमानः (pradhyāyamānaḥ) - contemplating deeply, meditating, pondering

• सः (saḥ) - he

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing, breathing out

• च (ca) - and, also

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

Words meanings and morphology

विरराम (virarāma) - stopped, ceased, desisted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of vi-ram

Perfect tense

Root ram with prefix vi, 3rd person singular, perfect tense (liṭ), active voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: ram (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Root vac, absolutive suffix ktvā. The 'v' of vac changes to 'u' before 'ktvā'.

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (a wise character in the Mahābhārata, half-brother to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Subject of 'virarāma'.

दीनमानसः (dīnamānasaḥ) - dejected-minded, sorrowful, sad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnamānasa

dīnamānasa - dejected-minded, sorrowful in spirit, sad-hearted

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'whose mind is dīna (dejected)'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+mānasa)

• dīna – dejected, miserable, distressed, poor
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dī' (to perish, to be miserable) or 'dā' (to give) with 'kta'.
  Root: dī (class 4)
• mānasa – mind, heart, intellect, mental
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from manas (mind).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Vidura.

प्रध्यायमानः (pradhyāyamānaḥ) - contemplating deeply, meditating, pondering

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pra-dhyā

pra-dhyā - to meditate, to contemplate, to reflect deeply, to be absorbed in thought

Present Middle Participle

Root dhyā with prefix pra, present tense, middle voice, nominative singular masculine.

Prefix: pra

Root: dhyā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (Vidura).

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative singular masculine.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun 'tad'.

निःश्वसन् (niḥśvasan) - sighing, breathing out

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥ-śvas

niḥ-śvas - to sigh, to breathe out, to exhale

Present Active Participle

Root śvas with prefix nis, present tense, active voice, nominative singular masculine.

Prefix: nis

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (Vidura).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'pradhyāyamānaḥ' and 'niḥśvasan'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)