महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-146, verse-4

ज्येष्ठाय राज्यमददाद्धृतराष्ट्राय धीमते ।
यवीयसस्तथा क्षत्तुः कुरुवंशविवर्धनः ॥४॥

4. jyeṣṭhāya rājyamadadāddhṛtarāṣṭrāya dhīmate ,
yavīyasastathā kṣattuḥ kuruvaṁśavivardhanaḥ.

4. jyeṣṭhāya rājyam adadāt dhṛtarāṣṭrāya dhīmate
| yavīyasas tathā kṣattuḥ kuruvaṃśavivardhanaḥ

4. kuruvaṃśavivardhanaḥ (pāṇḍuḥ) jyeṣṭhāya dhīmate
dhṛtarāṣṭrāya rājyam adadāt tathā yavīyasas kṣattuḥ (api)

4. Pāṇḍu, who was the perpetuator of the Kuru lineage, bestowed the kingship upon the eldest, wise Dhritarashtra, and also upon the younger Kṣattṛ (Vidura).

Words meanings summery:

• ज्येष्ठाय (jyeṣṭhāya) - to the eldest (Dhritarashtra) (to the eldest)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingship, the kingdom (kingdom, kingship, sovereignty)

• अददात् (adadāt) - bestowed (gave, bestowed)

• धृतराष्ट्राय (dhṛtarāṣṭrāya) - to Dhritarashtra

• धीमते (dhīmate) - to the wise one (to the wise, intelligent)

• यवीयसस् (yavīyasas) - upon the younger (Vidura) (of the younger one, to the younger one (poetic dative))

• तथा (tathā) - and also, similarly (so, thus, similarly, and)

• क्षत्तुः (kṣattuḥ) - upon the Kṣattṛ (Vidura) (of the Kṣattṛ (Vidura), to the Kṣattṛ (poetic dative))

• कुरुवंशविवर्धनः (kuruvaṁśavivardhanaḥ) - the perpetuator of the Kuru lineage (augmenter of the Kuru lineage, perpetuator of the Kuru dynasty)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्येष्ठाय (jyeṣṭhāya) - to the eldest (Dhritarashtra) (to the eldest)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior, chief

Superlative of 'old' or 'excellent'.

Note: Modifies Dhritarashtra.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingship, the kingdom (kingdom, kingship, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, reign, sovereignty

Note: Direct object of 'adadāt'.

अददात् (adadāt) - bestowed (gave, bestowed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dā

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Reduplicated root. 'a-' is the augment for past tense.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The subject (Pāṇḍu) is implied from the previous verse.

धृतराष्ट्राय (dhṛtarāṣṭrāya) - to Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind Kuru king), one who holds the kingdom

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, country
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indirect object of 'adadāt'.

धीमते (dhīmate) - to the wise one (to the wise, intelligent)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - wise, intelligent, thoughtful

Possessive suffix -mat.

Note: Modifies Dhritarashtra.

यवीयसस् (yavīyasas) - upon the younger (Vidura) (of the younger one, to the younger one (poetic dative))

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yavīyas

yavīyas - younger, junior

Comparative suffix -īyas.

Note: Refers to Vidura.

तथा (tathā) - and also, similarly (so, thus, similarly, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Dhritarashtra and Kṣattṛ as recipients.

क्षत्तुः (kṣattuḥ) - upon the Kṣattṛ (Vidura) (of the Kṣattṛ (Vidura), to the Kṣattṛ (poetic dative))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - chamberlain, charioteer, door-keeper, a mixed caste

agent noun

Agent noun from root kṣad (to cut, divide, distribute), implying one who distributes or protects. Used as a title for Vidura.

Root: kṣad (class 1)

Note: Refers to Vidura.

कुरुवंशविवर्धनः (kuruvaṁśavivardhanaḥ) - the perpetuator of the Kuru lineage (augmenter of the Kuru lineage, perpetuator of the Kuru dynasty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuruvaṃśavivardhana

kuruvaṁśavivardhana - increaser of the Kuru race/dynasty

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuruvaṃśa+vivardhana)

• kuru – Kuru (dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – lineage, race, family, bamboo
  noun (masculine)
• vivardhana – increasing, augmenting, developing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root vṛdh (to grow, increase) with upasarga vi- (apart, intense) and suffix -ana.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies Pāṇḍu (implied subject).