महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-103, verse-37

कदर्थीकृत्य तद्वाक्यमृषेः कण्वस्य दुर्मतिः ।
ऊरुं गजकराकारं ताडयन्निदमब्रवीत् ॥३७॥

37. kadarthīkṛtya tadvākyamṛṣeḥ kaṇvasya durmatiḥ ,
ūruṁ gajakarākāraṁ tāḍayannidamabravīt.

37. kadarthīkṛtya tat vākyam ṛṣeḥ kaṇvasya durmatiḥ
ūrum gajakarākāram tāḍayan idam abravīt

37. The evil-minded one (Duryodhana), despising that statement of the sage Kaṇva, struck his thigh, which resembled an elephant's trunk, and said this.

Words meanings summery:

• कदर्थीकृत्य (kadarthīkṛtya) - having despised, having scorned, having made useless

• तत् (tat) - Referring to the advice given by sage Kaṇva. (that)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech

• ऋषेः (ṛṣeḥ) - of the sage

• कण्वस्य (kaṇvasya) - Referring to the particular sage named Kaṇva. (of Kaṇva)

• दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana. (evil-minded, foolish)

• ऊरुम् (ūrum) - thigh

• गजकराकारम् (gajakarākāram) - Describing Duryodhana's thigh. (elephant-trunk-like in form)

• ताडयन् (tāḍayan) - striking, beating

• इदम् (idam) - Referring to the speech that follows. (this, this (statement))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

Words meanings and morphology

कदर्थीकृत्य (kadarthīkṛtya) - having despised, having scorned, having made useless

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From √kṛ with noun kadarthī as a compound, suffix -ya (l-yap). kadarthīkṛ is a denominative verb 'to despise'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - Referring to the advice given by sage Kaṇva. (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - statement, speech, word, sentence

From √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ऋषेः (ṛṣeḥ) - of the sage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

कण्वस्य (kaṇvasya) - Referring to the particular sage named Kaṇva. (of Kaṇva)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kaṇva

kaṇva - Kaṇva (name of a Vedic sage)

दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - Referring to Duryodhana. (evil-minded, foolish)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish, perverse understanding

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• mati – mind, intellect, thought, intention (dharma)
  noun (feminine)

Note: Used as a substantive for Duryodhana.

ऊरुम् (ūrum) - thigh

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ūru

ūru - thigh, upper leg

गजकराकारम् (gajakarākāram) - Describing Duryodhana's thigh. (elephant-trunk-like in form)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gajakarākāra

gajakarākāra - having the form of an elephant's trunk

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gajakara+ākāra)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• kara – hand, trunk (of an elephant)
  noun (masculine)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'ūrum'.

ताडयन् (tāḍayan) - striking, beating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāḍayat

tāḍayat - striking, beating

Present Active Participle

From √taḍ, causal formation, present active participle, masculine singular nominative

Root: taḍ (class 10)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

इदम् (idam) - Referring to the speech that follows. (this, this (statement))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here (demonstrative pronoun)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Imperfect Active

From √vac, imperfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)