महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-4, chapter-67, verse-18
धृष्टद्युम्नश्च दुर्धर्षः सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः ।
समस्ताक्षौहिणीपाला यज्वानो भूरिदक्षिणाः ।
सर्वे शस्त्रास्त्रसंपन्नाः सर्वे शूरास्तनुत्यजः ॥१८॥
समस्ताक्षौहिणीपाला यज्वानो भूरिदक्षिणाः ।
सर्वे शस्त्रास्त्रसंपन्नाः सर्वे शूरास्तनुत्यजः ॥१८॥
18. dhṛṣṭadyumnaśca durdharṣaḥ sarvaśastrabhṛtāṁ varaḥ ,
samastākṣauhiṇīpālā yajvāno bhūridakṣiṇāḥ ,
sarve śastrāstrasaṁpannāḥ sarve śūrāstanutyajaḥ.
samastākṣauhiṇīpālā yajvāno bhūridakṣiṇāḥ ,
sarve śastrāstrasaṁpannāḥ sarve śūrāstanutyajaḥ.
18.
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca durdharṣaḥ
sarvaśastrabṛtām varaḥ samastākṣauhiṇīpālāḥ
yajvānaḥ bhūridakṣiṇāḥ sarve
śastrāstrasaṃpannāḥ sarve śūrāḥ tanutyajaḥ
sarvaśastrabṛtām varaḥ samastākṣauhiṇīpālāḥ
yajvānaḥ bhūridakṣiṇāḥ sarve
śastrāstrasaṃpannāḥ sarve śūrāḥ tanutyajaḥ
18.
dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca durdharṣaḥ
sarvaśastrabṛtām varaḥ samastākṣauhiṇīpālāḥ
yajvānaḥ bhūridakṣiṇāḥ sarve
śastrāstrasaṃpannāḥ sarve śūrāḥ tanutyajaḥ
sarvaśastrabṛtām varaḥ samastākṣauhiṇīpālāḥ
yajvānaḥ bhūridakṣiṇāḥ sarve
śastrāstrasaṃpannāḥ sarve śūrāḥ tanutyajaḥ
18.
And Dhṛṣṭadyumna, who is formidable and the foremost among all weapon-bearers. Also, all the commanders of entire akshauhinis, who are performers of Vedic rituals (yajña) and bestow ample gifts. All of them are fully equipped with weapons and missiles, and all are valiant warriors ready to lay down their lives.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhrishtadyumna
- च (ca) - and
- दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - formidable, unassailable
- सर्वशस्त्रबृताम् (sarvaśastrabṛtām) - of all weapon-bearers
- वरः (varaḥ) - the best, excellent, choicest
- समस्ताक्षौहिणीपालाः (samastākṣauhiṇīpālāḥ) - commanders of entire akshauhinis
- यज्वानः (yajvānaḥ) - performers of Vedic rituals (yajña) (performers of Vedic rituals)
- भूरिदक्षिणाः (bhūridakṣiṇāḥ) - giving ample gifts, bestowing lavish donations
- सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them)
- शस्त्रास्त्रसंपन्नाः (śastrāstrasaṁpannāḥ) - equipped with weapons and missiles
- सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them)
- शूराः (śūrāḥ) - valiant, brave warriors
- तनुत्यजः (tanutyajaḥ) - sacrificing their bodies, ready to give up their lives
Words meanings and morphology
धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhrishtadyumna
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna
dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhrishtadyumna, a specific warrior, son of Drupada
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)
- dhṛṣṭa – bold, daring, impudent
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √dhṛṣ (to be bold) + -ta
Root: dhṛṣ (class 1) - dyumna – glory, splendor, might, wealth
noun (neuter)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - formidable, unassailable
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of durdharṣa
durdharṣa - difficult to attack, formidable, irresistible
Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+dhṛṣa)
- dur – bad, difficult, ill
indeclinable - dhṛṣa – daring, bold
adjective
Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with Dhṛṣṭadyumna.
सर्वशस्त्रबृताम् (sarvaśastrabṛtām) - of all weapon-bearers
(noun)
Genitive, plural of sarvaśastrabṛt
sarvaśastrabṛt - one who bears all weapons
Compound type : bahuvrihi (sarva+śastra+bhṛt)
- sarva – all, every
pronoun - śastra – weapon, implement
noun (neuter) - bhṛt – bearing, supporting, maintaining
adjective
Agent noun from √bhṛ (to bear)
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
वरः (varaḥ) - the best, excellent, choicest
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vara
vara - best, excellent, choicest; boon, husband
Note: Agrees with Dhṛṣṭadyumna.
समस्ताक्षौहिणीपालाः (samastākṣauhiṇīpālāḥ) - commanders of entire akshauhinis
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of samastākṣauhiṇīpāla
samastākṣauhiṇīpāla - protector/commander of an entire akshauhini army division
Compound type : tatpurusha (samasta+akṣauhiṇī+pāla)
- samasta – entire, whole, all
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From sam-as (to throw together)
Prefix: sam
Root: as (class 2) - akṣauhiṇī – an akshauhini, a large division of an army (21,870 chariots, 21,870 elephants, 65,610 horses, and 109,350 foot-soldiers)
noun (feminine) - pāla – protector, guardian, ruler
noun (masculine)
From √pā (to protect)
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: Refers to multiple commanders.
यज्वानः (yajvānaḥ) - performers of Vedic rituals (yajña) (performers of Vedic rituals)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yajvan
yajvan - one who performs a Vedic ritual, sacrificer
From √yaj (to worship, sacrifice)
Root: yaj (class 1)
Note: Agrees with the commanders.
भूरिदक्षिणाः (bhūridakṣiṇāḥ) - giving ample gifts, bestowing lavish donations
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūridakṣiṇa
bhūridakṣiṇa - one who gives ample gifts or donations
Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhūri+dakṣiṇā)
- bhūri – much, many, abundant, ample
adjective - dakṣiṇā – gift, donation (especially to Brahmins at a ritual)
noun (feminine)
Note: Agrees with the commanders.
सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Refers to the mentioned warriors/commanders.
शस्त्रास्त्रसंपन्नाः (śastrāstrasaṁpannāḥ) - equipped with weapons and missiles
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śastrāstrasaṃpanna
śastrāstrasaṁpanna - endowed with or possessing weapons (śastra) and missiles (astra)
Compound type : tatpurusha (śastra+astra+sampanna)
- śastra – weapon (manual, like a sword)
noun (neuter) - astra – missile, projectile (magical or thrown)
noun (neuter) - sampanna – endowed with, furnished with, rich in, accomplished
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From sam-pad (to fall together, attain)
Prefix: sam
Root: pad (class 4)
Note: Agrees with 'all' (sarve).
सर्वे (sarve) - all (of them)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Repeats for emphasis, refers to the mentioned warriors/commanders.
शूराः (śūrāḥ) - valiant, brave warriors
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra
śūra - hero, warrior, valiant, brave
Note: Agrees with 'all' (sarve).
तनुत्यजः (tanutyajaḥ) - sacrificing their bodies, ready to give up their lives
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tanutyaj
tanutyaj - one who abandons their body, ready to sacrifice life
Compound type : bahuvrihi (tanu+tyaj)
- tanu – body, person
noun (feminine) - tyaj – abandoning, renouncing
adjective
Agent noun from √tyaj (to abandon)
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'valiant warriors' (śūrāḥ).