महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-18, verse-24

तथा दृष्ट्वा यवीयांसं सहदेवं युधां पतिम् ।
गोषु गोवेषमायान्तं पाण्डुभूतास्मि भारत ॥२४॥

24. tathā dṛṣṭvā yavīyāṁsaṁ sahadevaṁ yudhāṁ patim ,
goṣu goveṣamāyāntaṁ pāṇḍubhūtāsmi bhārata.

24. tathā dṛṣṭvā yavīyāṃsam sahadevam yudhām patim
goṣu goveṣam āyāntam pāṇḍubhūtā asmi bhārata

24. O descendant of Bharata (Krishna), having thus seen Sahadeva, the youngest and lord of battles, coming among the cows in the guise of a cowherd, I have become pale.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• यवीयांसम् (yavīyāṁsam) - the youngest (Sahadeva) (the youngest, younger)

• सहदेवम् (sahadevam) - Sahadeva (Sahadeva (one of the Pāṇḍavas))

• युधाम् (yudhām) - of battles, of wars

• पतिम् (patim) - lord (of battles) (lord, master, husband)

• गोषु (goṣu) - among the cows, in the cows

• गोवेषम् (goveṣam) - in the guise of a cowherd (in the guise of a cowherd, disguised as a cowherd)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming (coming, approaching)

• पाण्डुभूता (pāṇḍubhūtā) - having become pale, turned yellowish

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• भारत (bhārata) - O Krishna (as a descendant of Bharata) (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root `dṛś` with suffix `ktvā`

Root: dṛś (class 1)

यवीयांसम् (yavīyāṁsam) - the youngest (Sahadeva) (the youngest, younger)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yavīyas

yavīyas - younger, the youngest

Comparative/superlative form of `yuvan`

Note: Refers to Sahadeva.

सहदेवम् (sahadevam) - Sahadeva (Sahadeva (one of the Pāṇḍavas))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva, the youngest Pāṇḍava

युधाम् (yudhām) - of battles, of wars

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

पतिम् (patim) - lord (of battles) (lord, master, husband)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Forms a tatpurusha compound `yudhāṃ pati` (lord of battles) with the preceding word, although treated as separate words here.

गोषु (goṣu) - among the cows, in the cows

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle

गोवेषम् (goveṣam) - in the guise of a cowherd (in the guise of a cowherd, disguised as a cowherd)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of goveṣa

goveṣa - garb/guise of a cowherd

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+veṣa)

• go – cow, ox
  noun (masculine)
• veṣa – garb, dress, disguise
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially, or modifies Sahadeva (`āyāntam`).

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming (coming, approaching)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `i` (to go) with prefix `ā`

Prefix: ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies `sahadevam`.

पाण्डुभूता (pāṇḍubhūtā) - having become pale, turned yellowish

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍubhūta

pāṇḍubhūta - become pale, turned yellowish

Compound: `pāṇḍu` (pale) + `bhūta` (become)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+bhūta)

• pāṇḍu – pale, yellowish-white
  adjective (masculine)
• bhūta – become, being, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhū`
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject 'I' (Draupadi).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

2nd class verb, present active indicative

Root: as (class 2)

भारत (bhārata) - O Krishna (as a descendant of Bharata) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata