महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-37, verse-12

दुर्योधनेन ते वीरा मानिताश्च विशेषतः ।
प्राणांस्त्यक्ष्यन्ति संग्रामे इति मे निश्चिता मतिः ॥१२॥

12. duryodhanena te vīrā mānitāśca viśeṣataḥ ,
prāṇāṁstyakṣyanti saṁgrāme iti me niścitā matiḥ.

12. duryodhanena te vīrāḥ mānitāḥ ca viśeṣataḥ
prāṇān tyakṣyanti saṃgrāme iti me niścitā matiḥ

12. Those brave warriors, particularly honored by Duryodhana, will certainly sacrifice their lives in battle. This is my firm conviction (mati).

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana

• ते (te) - those, they

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave men, warriors

• मानिताः (mānitāḥ) - honored, respected, esteemed

• च (ca) - and

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, distinctively

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, breaths, vital airs

• त्यक्ष्यन्ति (tyakṣyanti) - they will sacrifice (their lives) (they will abandon, forsake, give up, sacrifice)

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat, in war

• इति (iti) - This (is my conviction) (thus, in this manner, so)

• मे (me) - my (opinion) (my, of me, to me)

• निश्चिता (niścitā) - firm, certain, resolved

• मतिः (matiḥ) - firm conviction (mati) (opinion, thought, mind, conviction, understanding)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

Note: Agent of the passive participle mānitāḥ.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Functions as the subject for tyakṣyanti and mānitāḥ.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave men, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior, valiant

Root: vīr (class 1)

मानिताः (mānitāḥ) - honored, respected, esteemed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānita

mānita - honored, respected, esteemed, reverenced

Past Passive Participle

From root mān (to honor, respect) in the causal sense.

Root: mān (class 10)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects mānitāḥ to previous adjectives (from previous verses' implied qualities of the kings).

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, distinctively

(indeclinable)

From viśeṣa (distinction, excellence) with tas suffix.

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, breaths, vital airs

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, spirit

From root an (to breathe) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

त्यक्ष्यन्ति (tyakṣyanti) - they will sacrifice (their lives) (they will abandon, forsake, give up, sacrifice)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of tyaj

Future Tense

From root tyaj (class 1). sya indicates future.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, combat, war, conflict

From sam + grām (to go, to fight).

Prefix: sam

Root: grām (class 1)

Note: Refers to the place/situation of sacrificing lives.

इति (iti) - This (is my conviction) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my (opinion) (my, of me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form of mama.

निश्चिता (niścitā) - firm, certain, resolved

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niścita

niścita - firm, certain, resolved, ascertained

Past Passive Participle

From root ci (to gather) with prefixes nis and ni.

Prefixes: nis+ni

Root: ci (class 5)

मतिः (matiḥ) - firm conviction (mati) (opinion, thought, mind, conviction, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - thought, mind, opinion, counsel, conviction, intellect

From root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)