महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-32, verse-4

धर्मं चरामि सुश्रोणि न धर्मफलकारणात् ।
आगमाननतिक्रम्य सतां वृत्तमवेक्ष्य च ।
धर्म एव मनः कृष्णे स्वभावाच्चैव मे धृतम् ॥४॥

4. dharmaṁ carāmi suśroṇi na dharmaphalakāraṇāt ,
āgamānanatikramya satāṁ vṛttamavekṣya ca ,
dharma eva manaḥ kṛṣṇe svabhāvāccaiva me dhṛtam.

4. dharmam carāmi suśroṇi na
dharmaphala-kāraṇāt āgamān anatikramya satām
vṛttam avekṣya ca dharmaḥ eva
manaḥ kṛṣṇe svabhāvāt ca eva me dhṛtam

4. O beautiful-hipped one, I practice my natural law (dharma), not for the sake of its fruits. I do so without transgressing the scriptures and by observing the conduct of the virtuous. Indeed, O Kṛṣṇā, my mind is fixed on natural law (dharma), and it is sustained there by my very own intrinsic nature (dharma).

4. הו יפת מותניים, אני הולך בדרך היושר, אך לא בגלל פירותיה. אני לא עובר על כתבי האָאגַמַה ומתבונן בהתנהגותם של אנשים טובים. הו קְרְשְׁנָה, רוחי נתונה לדרך היושר בלבד, וכך גם מטבעי.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) or duty (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness (dharma))

• चरामि (carāmi) - I practice (I practice, I walk, I behave)

• सुश्रोणि (suśroṇi) - O Draupadī (O beautiful-hipped one, O fair one)

• न (na) - not, no

• धर्मफल-कारणात् (dharmaphala-kāraṇāt) - for the sake of the results of dharma, due to the fruit of duty

• आगमान् (āgamān) - the scriptures, traditional texts

• अनतिक्रम्य (anatikramya) - without transgressing, without violating

• सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous, of the good

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct (conduct, behavior, occurrence)

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - observing (having observed, having considered)

• च (ca) - and, also

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue (dharma))

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart

• कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - O Draupadī (O Kṛṣṇā (female), O dark-skinned one)

• स्वभावात् (svabhāvāt) - by my own intrinsic nature (dharma) (from intrinsic nature, by inherent disposition)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• मे (me) - my (my, to me)

• धृतम् (dhṛtam) - sustained (in dharma) (held, sustained, firm)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) or duty (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness (dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of carāmi.

चरामि (carāmi) - I practice (I practice, I walk, I behave)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

सुश्रोणि (suśroṇi) - O Draupadī (O beautiful-hipped one, O fair one)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of suśroṇī

suśroṇī - beautiful-hipped, fair-hipped, a beautiful woman

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+śroṇī)

• su – good, beautiful, well
  indeclinable
• śroṇī – hip, loins
  noun (feminine)

Note: Vocative singular.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

धर्मफल-कारणात् (dharmaphala-kāraṇāt) - for the sake of the results of dharma, due to the fruit of duty

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dharmaphala-kāraṇa

dharmaphala-kāraṇa - reason/cause for the fruit of duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+phala+kāraṇa)

• dharma – natural law, duty (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Denotes the reason or cause.

आगमान् (āgamān) - the scriptures, traditional texts

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āgama

āgama - scripture, sacred text, tradition, coming

From ā + gam + a.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of anatikramya.

अनतिक्रम्य (anatikramya) - without transgressing, without violating

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From na + ati + kram + lyap.

Compound type : nah-tatpurusha (na+atikramya)

• na – not
  indeclinable
• atikramya – having transgressed
  indeclinable (absolutive)
  Absolutive (gerund)
  From ati + kram + lyap.
  Prefix: ati
  Root: kram (class 1)

सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous, of the good

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, good, virtuous, existing

Present active participle

From root as (to be) + śatṛ.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Possessive, referring to vṛttam.

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct (conduct, behavior, occurrence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, occurrence, event

Past passive participle

From root vṛt (to turn, to exist) + kta.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of avekṣya.

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - observing (having observed, having considered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From ava + īkṣ (variant of īkṣ) + lyap.

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, virtue (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, disposition

Root: man

कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - O Draupadī (O Kṛṣṇā (female), O dark-skinned one)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - (feminine) Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī), dark-colored woman

Note: The speaker (Yudhiṣṭhira) is addressing Draupadī.

स्वभावात् (svabhāvāt) - by my own intrinsic nature (dharma) (from intrinsic nature, by inherent disposition)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svabhāva

svabhāva - intrinsic nature, inherent disposition, one's own being

From sva + bhāva.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun/adjective
• bhāva – state of being, nature, disposition
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū + aṇ
  Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my (my, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive, 'my mind'.

धृतम् (dhṛtam) - sustained (in dharma) (held, sustained, firm)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhṛta

dhṛta - held, borne, sustained, firm, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From root dhṛ (to hold, sustain) + kta.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used here in a copulative sense, 'my mind is sustained'.

Previous Verse Next Verse