महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-32, verse-10

प्रत्यक्षं हि त्वया दृष्ट ऋषिर्गच्छन्महातपाः ।
मार्कण्डेयोऽप्रमेयात्मा धर्मेण चिरजीविताम् ॥१०॥

10. pratyakṣaṁ hi tvayā dṛṣṭa ṛṣirgacchanmahātapāḥ ,
mārkaṇḍeyo'prameyātmā dharmeṇa cirajīvitām.

10. pratyakṣam hi tvayā dṛṣṭaḥ ṛṣiḥ gacchan mahātapāḥ
| mārkaṇḍeyaḥ aprameyātmā dharmeṇa cirajīvitām

10. Indeed, you have personally seen the great ascetic (tapas) sage Mārkaṇḍeya, whose essence (ātman) is immeasurable, attaining long life through natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - personally, directly (directly, visibly, personally, perceptibly)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - has been seen (by you) (seen, perceived)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (sage, seer, inspired poet)

• गच्छन् (gacchan) - attaining (long life) (going, proceeding, attaining)

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - the great ascetic (tapas) (of great asceticism, a great ascetic)

• मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

• अप्रमेयात्मा (aprameyātmā) - whose essence (ātman) is immeasurable (whose essence is immeasurable, of immeasurable self)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - through natural law (dharma) (by natural law, by righteousness, through dharma)

• चिरजीविताम् (cirajīvitām) - long life, prolonged existence (long life, longevity)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - personally, directly (directly, visibly, personally, perceptibly)

(indeclinable)

Prefix: prati

Root: akṣi

Note: Used here as an adverb.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - has been seen (by you) (seen, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, perceived, observed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage (sage, seer, inspired poet)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic singer

गच्छन् (gacchan) - attaining (long life) (going, proceeding, attaining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, proceeding, attaining

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ṛṣiḥ' and describes his action of attaining.

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - the great ascetic (tapas) (of great asceticism, a great ascetic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - of great asceticism, a great ascetic (tapas), having great penance

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• tapas – penance, asceticism, austerity, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Refers to Mārkaṇḍeya.

मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (a famous sage, known for his longevity)

Patronymic from Mṛkaṇḍu

अप्रमेयात्मा (aprameyātmā) - whose essence (ātman) is immeasurable (whose essence is immeasurable, of immeasurable self)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aprameyātman

aprameyātman - of immeasurable soul/self, whose essence is incomprehensible/immeasurable

Compound type : bahuvrihi (aprameya+ātman)

• aprameya – immeasurable, incomprehensible, not to be proven
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root mā with prefix a and pra
  Prefixes: a+pra
  Root: mā (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Refers to Mārkaṇḍeya.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - through natural law (dharma) (by natural law, by righteousness, through dharma)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, conduct, religion, intrinsic nature, quality

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

चिरजीविताम् (cirajīvitām) - long life, prolonged existence (long life, longevity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cirajīvitā

cirajīvitā - long life, longevity

Compound type : tatpurusha (cira+jīvita)

• cira – long, lasting a long time
  adjective (masculine)
• jīvita – life, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  Derived from root jīv
  Root: jīv (class 1)