महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-32, verse-13

एते हि धर्ममेवादौ वर्णयन्ति सदा मम ।
कर्तव्यममरप्रख्याः प्रत्यक्षागमबुद्धयः ॥१३॥

13. ete hi dharmamevādau varṇayanti sadā mama ,
kartavyamamaraprakhyāḥ pratyakṣāgamabuddhayaḥ.

13. ete hi dharmam eva ādau varṇayanti sadā mama
kartavyam amaraprakhyāḥ pratyakṣāgamabuddhayaḥ

13. Indeed, these sages, radiant like immortals and whose understanding (buddhi) comes from direct perception and sacred texts, always explain to me, from the very beginning, my intrinsic nature (dharma) and what is to be done (kartavya).

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - Refers to the sages. (these (masculine plural nominative))

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - Refers to the speaker's intrinsic nature or specific duties. (natural law, intrinsic nature, duty)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

• आदौ (ādau) - in the beginning, at first

• वर्णयन्ति (varṇayanti) - they describe, they explain, they praise

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - what ought to be done, duty

• अमरप्रख्याः (amaraprakhyāḥ) - Describes the sages. (resembling immortals, shining like gods)

• प्रत्यक्षागमबुद्धयः (pratyakṣāgamabuddhayaḥ) - Describes the sages' source of knowledge. (whose understanding comes from direct perception and sacred texts)

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - Refers to the sages. (these (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - Refers to the speaker's intrinsic nature or specific duties. (natural law, intrinsic nature, duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, virtue, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of varṇayanti.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

आदौ (ādau) - in the beginning, at first

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, commencement, first, etc.

Note: Used adverbially.

वर्णयन्ति (varṇayanti) - they describe, they explain, they praise

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of varṇay

Present indicative

Causative stem of vṛ (to choose, to cover), meaning to paint, to color, to describe.

Root: vṛ (class 10)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

Adverbial.

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Genitive/Dative singular of first person pronoun.

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - what ought to be done, duty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, proper to be done, duty

Gerundive

From root kṛ with suffix tavya.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of varṇayanti.

अमरप्रख्याः (amaraprakhyāḥ) - Describes the sages. (resembling immortals, shining like gods)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of amaraprakhya

amaraprakhya - appearing like a god, resembling an immortal

Compound: amara (immortal, god) + prakhya (resembling, appearing like).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (amara+prakhya)

• amara – immortal, god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  a (not) + mara (dying), from root mṛ.
  Root: mṛ (class 1)
• prakhya – resembling, appearing like, famous
  adjective (masculine)
  From pra + khyā (to be known, to shine).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies ete.

प्रत्यक्षागमबुद्धयः (pratyakṣāgamabuddhayaḥ) - Describes the sages' source of knowledge. (whose understanding comes from direct perception and sacred texts)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pratyakṣāgamabuddhi

pratyakṣāgamabuddhi - having understanding (buddhi) from direct perception (pratyakṣa) and sacred texts (āgama)

Bahuvrihi compound. pratyakṣa (direct perception) + āgama (sacred texts) + buddhi (intellect/understanding).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pratyakṣa+āgama+buddhi)

• pratyakṣa – direct perception, visible, before the eyes
  noun (neuter)
  prati (towards) + akṣa (eye).
• āgama – sacred text, tradition, arrival, coming
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  ā + gam with suffix ghañ.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, reason, knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  From root budh (to know, understand).
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies ete.