महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-284, verse-28

मद्विधस्यायशस्यं हि न युक्तं प्राणरक्षणम् ।
युक्तं हि यशसा युक्तं मरणं लोकसंमतम् ॥२८॥

28. madvidhasyāyaśasyaṁ hi na yuktaṁ prāṇarakṣaṇam ,
yuktaṁ hi yaśasā yuktaṁ maraṇaṁ lokasaṁmatam.

28. madvidhasya ayaśasyam hi na yuktam prāṇarakṣaṇam
yuktam hi yaśasā yuktam maraṇam lokasaṃmatam

28. For a person like me, it is truly not proper to preserve life if it brings dishonor. Indeed, a death accompanied by fame, which is approved by the people, is befitting.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्विधस्य (madvidhasya) - of one like me

• अयशस्यम् (ayaśasyam) - disreputable, ignominious

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• न (na) - not

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, fitting, appropriate

• प्राणरक्षणम् (prāṇarakṣaṇam) - preservation of life

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, fitting, appropriate

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• यशसा (yaśasā) - by fame, with glory

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - endowed with, accompanied by

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• लोकसंमतम् (lokasaṁmatam) - approved by the people

Words meanings and morphology

मद्विधस्य (madvidhasya) - of one like me

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of madvidha

madvidha - of my kind, like me

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mad+vidha)

• mad – I, me, my (stem of asmad in compounds)
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

अयशस्यम् (ayaśasyam) - disreputable, ignominious

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ayaśasya

ayaśasya - disreputable, ignominious, not conducive to fame

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+yaśasya)

• a – not, non- (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• yaśasya – glorious, conferring fame
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'prāṇarakṣaṇam'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, fitting, appropriate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, endowed with, proper, fit

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join, to be fit).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'prāṇarakṣaṇam'.

प्राणरक्षणम् (prāṇarakṣaṇam) - preservation of life

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāṇarakṣaṇa

prāṇarakṣaṇa - preserving life, protecting life-breath

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+rakṣaṇa)

• prāṇa – life-breath, vital air, life
  noun (masculine)
• rakṣaṇa – protecting, preserving, guarding
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root rakṣ (to protect).
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, fitting, appropriate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, endowed with, proper, fit

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join, to be fit).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'maraṇam'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

यशसा (yaśasā) - by fame, with glory

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, honor

युक्तम् (yuktam) - endowed with, accompanied by

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, endowed with, proper, fit

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'maraṇam'.

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

Derived from root mṛ (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

लोकसंमतम् (lokasaṁmatam) - approved by the people

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lokasaṃmata

lokasaṁmata - approved by the world/people

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (loka+saṃmata)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• saṃmata – approved, agreed, honored
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root man (to think) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'maraṇam'.