महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-160, verse-26

स मेरुमनुवृत्तः सन्पुनर्गच्छति पाण्डव ।
प्राङ्मुखः सविता देवः सर्वभूतहिते रतः ॥२६॥

26. sa merumanuvṛttaḥ sanpunargacchati pāṇḍava ,
prāṅmukhaḥ savitā devaḥ sarvabhūtahite rataḥ.

26. saḥ merum anuvṛttaḥ san punar gacchati pāṇḍava
prāṅmukhaḥ savitā devaḥ sarvabhūtahite rataḥ

26. O Pāṇḍava, after revolving around Mount Meru, that divine Sun (Savitā) again proceeds [on its course], facing east and devoted to the welfare of all beings (bhūta).

26. הו בן פָּאנְדוּ, היא ממשיכה אחרי מֵרוּ והולכת שוב, כשפניה למזרח, האל סַוִיטְרְ הנהנה מטובת כל היצורים.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• मेरुम् (merum) - Mount Meru

• अनुवृत्तः (anuvṛttaḥ) - followed, revolved around, turned after

• सन् (san) - being, existing

• पुनर् (punar) - again, back, moreover

• गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, proceeds

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O son of Paṇḍu

• प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east

• सविता (savitā) - the sun, generator, impeller

• देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine

• सर्वभूतहिते (sarvabhūtahite) - in the welfare of all beings

• रतः (rataḥ) - engaged in, devoted to, absorbed in

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sun (`savitā`)

मेरुम् (merum) - Mount Meru

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of meru

meru - Mount Meru (mythical mountain), summit

Note: Object of `anuvṛttaḥ` (implicitly)

अनुवृत्तः (anuvṛttaḥ) - followed, revolved around, turned after

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuvṛtta

vṛt - to turn, to revolve, to exist

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √vṛt (class 1) with prefix anu-.

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `saḥ` (the sun)

सन् (san) - being, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

as - to be, to exist

Present Active Participle

Derived from √as (class 2) in present active participle.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `saḥ` (the sun), forming an absolute construction with `anuvṛttaḥ`

पुनर् (punar) - again, back, moreover

(indeclinable)

गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Root gam (class 1) in present tense, parasmaipada.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O son of Paṇḍu

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Paṇḍu, son of Paṇḍu

Note: Addressee

प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṅmukha

prāṅmukha - facing east

Compound: prāc (east) + mukha (face)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāc+mukha)

• prāc – east, eastern
  adjective (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `savitā devaḥ`

सविता (savitā) - the sun, generator, impeller

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savitṛ

savitṛ - the sun, generator, impeller

Agent noun from √sū.

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence, refers to the sun

देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, divine being

Note: In apposition to `savitā`

सर्वभूतहिते (sarvabhūtahite) - in the welfare of all beings

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sarvabhūtahita

sarvabhūtahita - welfare of all beings

Compound: sarva (all) + bhūta (beings) + hita (welfare)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+bhūta+hita)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from √bhū)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from √dhā with hi replacement)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Location of `rataḥ`

रतः (rataḥ) - engaged in, devoted to, absorbed in

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

ram - to delight in, to be pleased with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √ram (class 1) in past passive participle.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `savitā devaḥ`

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