महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-72, verse-4

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
अशोच्यं तु कुतस्तेषां येषां वैरं भविष्यति ।
पाण्डवैर्युद्धशौण्डैर्हि मित्रवद्भिर्महारथैः ॥४॥

4. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
aśocyaṁ tu kutasteṣāṁ yeṣāṁ vairaṁ bhaviṣyati ,
pāṇḍavairyuddhaśauṇḍairhi mitravadbhirmahārathaiḥ.

4. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca aśocyam tu kutaḥ teṣām yeṣām vairam
bhaviṣyati pāṇḍavaiḥ yuddhaśauṇḍaiḥ hi mitravadbhiḥ mahārathaiḥ

4. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: "But how can those not be considered pitiable, with whom the Pāṇḍavas—who are mighty warriors, skilled in battle, and possess great charioteers as allies—will have enmity?"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - The blind king of Hastinapura, father of the Kauravas. (Dhritarashtra)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अशोच्यम् (aśocyam) - Refers to a state of being unfortunate, implying the opposite (i.e., deserving pity). (not to be grieved for, not pitiable, not lamentable)

• तु (tu) - Introducing a contrast or emphasizing a point. (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - Interrogative particle asking "how" or "why". (why, how, whence, from where)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - Refers to "those" (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) for whom enmity with the Pāṇḍavas will arise. (of them, to them)

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - Refers to those who will have enmity. (whose, of whom)

• वैरम् (vairam) - The hostility that will exist. (enmity, hostility, hatred)

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - In enmity with the Pāṇḍavas. (by the Pāṇḍavas, with the Pāṇḍavas)

• युद्धशौण्डैः (yuddhaśauṇḍaiḥ) - Describes the Pāṇḍavas. (skilled in war, brave in battle)

• हि (hi) - Emphasizes the statement. (indeed, because, for)

• मित्रवद्भिः (mitravadbhiḥ) - Describes the Pāṇḍavas. (possessing friends, having allies)

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - Describes the Pāṇḍavas as great warriors. (by great charioteers, by great warriors)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - The blind king of Hastinapura, father of the Kauravas. (Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

अशोच्यम् (aśocyam) - Refers to a state of being unfortunate, implying the opposite (i.e., deserving pity). (not to be grieved for, not pitiable, not lamentable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśocya

aśocya - not to be grieved for, not pitiable, not lamentable

Gerundive

Gerundive of śuc (to grieve) with negative prefix 'a-'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śocya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śocya – to be grieved for, pitiable, lamentable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Gerundive of śuc (to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally or as a predicate.

तु (tu) - Introducing a contrast or emphasizing a point. (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - Interrogative particle asking "how" or "why". (why, how, whence, from where)

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - Refers to "those" (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) for whom enmity with the Pāṇḍavas will arise. (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

येषाम् (yeṣām) - Refers to those who will have enmity. (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

वैरम् (vairam) - The hostility that will exist. (enmity, hostility, hatred)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - enmity, hostility, hatred

Note: Subject of 'bhaviṣyati'.

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be, will happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Active

3rd person singular, Future tense, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - In enmity with the Pāṇḍavas. (by the Pāṇḍavas, with the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

Note: Used with 'vairam'.

युद्धशौण्डैः (yuddhaśauṇḍaiḥ) - Describes the Pāṇḍavas. (skilled in war, brave in battle)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yuddhaśauṇḍa

yuddhaśauṇḍa - skilled in war, brave in battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+śauṇḍa)

• yuddha – battle, war
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• śauṇḍa – addicted to, fond of, skilled in, intoxicated
  adjective (masculine)

Note: In agreement with 'pāṇḍavaiḥ'.

हि (hi) - Emphasizes the statement. (indeed, because, for)

(indeclinable)

मित्रवद्भिः (mitravadbhiḥ) - Describes the Pāṇḍavas. (possessing friends, having allies)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mitravat

mitravat - having friends, possessing allies

Derived from mitra + -vat (possessive suffix)

Note: In agreement with 'pāṇḍavaiḥ'.

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - Describes the Pāṇḍavas as great warriors. (by great charioteers, by great warriors)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, great charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: In agreement with 'pāṇḍavaiḥ'.