महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-72, verse-12

आसादितमिदं घोरं तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम् ।
पाञ्चालीमपकर्षद्भिः सभामध्ये तपस्विनीम् ॥१२॥

12. āsāditamidaṁ ghoraṁ tumulaṁ lomaharṣaṇam ,
pāñcālīmapakarṣadbhiḥ sabhāmadhye tapasvinīm.

12. āsāditam idam ghoram tumulam lomaharṣaṇam
pāñcālīm apakarṣadbhiḥ sabhāmadhye tapasvinīm

12. This dreadful, tumultuous, and hair-raising event was brought about by those who dragged the wretched Pañcālī into the assembly hall.

12. את הדבר הנורא הזה, הסוער והמעורר צמרמורת, הביאו על עצמם אלה שגררו את פָּאנְצ׳ָאלִי הצדיקה אל אמצע האולם.

Words meanings summery:

• आसादितम् (āsāditam) - caused, brought about (caused, brought about, attained, reached)

• इदम् (idam) - this (event/situation) (this)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous (tumultuous, violent, noisy, confused)

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps, frightful)

• पाञ्चालीम् (pāñcālīm) - Draupadi (Draupadi, princess of Pañcāla)

• अपकर्षद्भिः (apakarṣadbhiḥ) - by those who were dragging (by those who were dragging, pulling away)

• सभामध्ये (sabhāmadhye) - in the assembly hall (in the midst of the assembly, in the assembly hall)

• तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - wretched, suffering (ascetic, pious, suffering, wretched)

Words meanings and morphology

आसादितम् (āsāditam) - caused, brought about (caused, brought about, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āsādita

āsādita - attained, reached, caused, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sad (to sit) with prefix ā- (to approach) in its causative form (sād to cause to reach/obtain).

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The form can be nominative or accusative singular neuter, agreeing with 'idam' (referring to the event).

इदम् (idam) - this (event/situation) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Can be nominative or accusative singular neuter.

घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, fierce

Note: Agrees with 'idam'.

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous (tumultuous, violent, noisy, confused)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, violent, noisy, confused

Note: Agrees with 'idam'.

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps, frightful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, thrilling, frightful

Agent noun formed from loman (hair) and harṣaṇa (causing to bristle, thrilling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing to bristle, thrilling, exciting, gladdening
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root hṛṣ (to bristle) with suffix -ana.
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'idam'.

पाञ्चालीम् (pāñcālīm) - Draupadi (Draupadi, princess of Pañcāla)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāñcālī

pāñcālī - Draupadi, princess of the Pañcālas

Note: Object of the action of dragging.

अपकर्षद्भिः (apakarṣadbhiḥ) - by those who were dragging (by those who were dragging, pulling away)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apakarṣat

apakarṣat - dragging away, pulling down, humiliating

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kṛṣ (to drag) with prefix apa-.

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the perpetrators of the dragging.

सभामध्ये (sabhāmadhye) - in the assembly hall (in the midst of the assembly, in the assembly hall)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sabhāmadhya

sabhāmadhya - midst of an assembly, assembly hall

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sabhā+madhya)

• sabhā – assembly, court
  noun (feminine)
• madhya – middle, midst, center
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the location.

तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - wretched, suffering (ascetic, pious, suffering, wretched)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tapasvinī

tapasvinī - ascetic woman, pious woman, suffering woman, wretched woman

Feminine form of tapasvin (from tapas, meaning asceticism, austerity, suffering).

Note: Adjective modifying 'pāñcālīm'.

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