महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-72, verse-12

आसादितमिदं घोरं तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम् ।
पाञ्चालीमपकर्षद्भिः सभामध्ये तपस्विनीम् ॥१२॥

12. āsāditamidaṁ ghoraṁ tumulaṁ lomaharṣaṇam ,
pāñcālīmapakarṣadbhiḥ sabhāmadhye tapasvinīm.

12. āsāditam idam ghoram tumulam lomaharṣaṇam
pāñcālīm apakarṣadbhiḥ sabhāmadhye tapasvinīm

12. This dreadful, tumultuous, and hair-raising event was brought about by those who dragged the wretched Pañcālī into the assembly hall.

Words meanings summery:

• आसादितम् (āsāditam) - caused, brought about (caused, brought about, attained, reached)

• इदम् (idam) - this (event/situation) (this)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous (tumultuous, violent, noisy, confused)

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps, frightful)

• पाञ्चालीम् (pāñcālīm) - Draupadi (Draupadi, princess of Pañcāla)

• अपकर्षद्भिः (apakarṣadbhiḥ) - by those who were dragging (by those who were dragging, pulling away)

• सभामध्ये (sabhāmadhye) - in the assembly hall (in the midst of the assembly, in the assembly hall)

• तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - wretched, suffering (ascetic, pious, suffering, wretched)

Words meanings and morphology

आसादितम् (āsāditam) - caused, brought about (caused, brought about, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āsādita

āsādita - attained, reached, caused, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sad (to sit) with prefix ā- (to approach) in its causative form (sād to cause to reach/obtain).

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The form can be nominative or accusative singular neuter, agreeing with 'idam' (referring to the event).

इदम् (idam) - this (event/situation) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Can be nominative or accusative singular neuter.

घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, fierce

Note: Agrees with 'idam'.

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous (tumultuous, violent, noisy, confused)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, violent, noisy, confused

Note: Agrees with 'idam'.

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising (hair-raising, thrilling, causing goosebumps, frightful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, thrilling, frightful

Agent noun formed from loman (hair) and harṣaṇa (causing to bristle, thrilling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing to bristle, thrilling, exciting, gladdening
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root hṛṣ (to bristle) with suffix -ana.
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'idam'.

पाञ्चालीम् (pāñcālīm) - Draupadi (Draupadi, princess of Pañcāla)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāñcālī

pāñcālī - Draupadi, princess of the Pañcālas

Note: Object of the action of dragging.

अपकर्षद्भिः (apakarṣadbhiḥ) - by those who were dragging (by those who were dragging, pulling away)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apakarṣat

apakarṣat - dragging away, pulling down, humiliating

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kṛṣ (to drag) with prefix apa-.

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the perpetrators of the dragging.

सभामध्ये (sabhāmadhye) - in the assembly hall (in the midst of the assembly, in the assembly hall)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sabhāmadhya

sabhāmadhya - midst of an assembly, assembly hall

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sabhā+madhya)

• sabhā – assembly, court
  noun (feminine)
• madhya – middle, midst, center
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the location.

तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - wretched, suffering (ascetic, pious, suffering, wretched)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tapasvinī

tapasvinī - ascetic woman, pious woman, suffering woman, wretched woman

Feminine form of tapasvin (from tapas, meaning asceticism, austerity, suffering).

Note: Adjective modifying 'pāñcālīm'.