महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-66, verse-28

अथाब्रवीन्महाराज धृतराष्ट्रं जनेश्वरम् ।
पुत्रहार्दाद्धर्मयुक्तं गान्धारी शोककर्शिता ॥२८॥

28. athābravīnmahārāja dhṛtarāṣṭraṁ janeśvaram ,
putrahārdāddharmayuktaṁ gāndhārī śokakarśitā.

28. atha abravīt mahārāja dhṛtarāṣṭram janeśvaram
putrahārdāt dharmayuktam gāndhārī śokakarśitā

28. Then, O great king, Gandhari, emaciated by grief and moved by affection for her son, spoke to Dhritarashtra, the lord of the people, who was endowed with a sense of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king Janamejaya (the listener of the Mahabharata narration) (O great king)

• धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - to Dhritarashtra

• जनेश्वरम् (janeśvaram) - to Dhritarashtra, the lord of the people (to the lord of the people, to the king)

• पुत्रहार्दात् (putrahārdāt) - from affection for her son

• धर्मयुक्तम् (dharmayuktam) - Dhritarashtra, who was endowed with a sense of natural law (dharma) (endowed with natural law, connected with righteousness)

• गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gandhari

• शोककर्शिता (śokakarśitā) - emaciated by sorrow, distressed by grief

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a new topic or sequence of events.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect active

3rd person singular imperfect active of √brū

Root: brū (class 2)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king Janamejaya (the listener of the Mahabharata narration) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+rājan)

• mahant – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - to Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper name, 'he who holds the kingdom')

जनेश्वरम् (janeśvaram) - to Dhritarashtra, the lord of the people (to the lord of the people, to the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of janeśvara

janeśvara - lord of men, king, ruler of people

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (jana+īśvara)

• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: An epithet for Dhritarashtra.

पुत्रहार्दात् (putrahārdāt) - from affection for her son

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of putrahārda

putrahārda - affection for a son, parental love for a child

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (putra+hārda)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• hārda – heartfelt, affection, love, tenderness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates the cause or motivation for Gandhari's speech.

धर्मयुक्तम् (dharmayuktam) - Dhritarashtra, who was endowed with a sense of natural law (dharma) (endowed with natural law, connected with righteousness)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmayukta

dharmayukta - endowed with dharma, righteous, virtuous

Compound type : tṛtīyā tatpuruṣa (dharma+yukta)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• yukta – joined, connected, endowed with, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of √yuj
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Describes Dhritarashtra.

गान्धारी (gāndhārī) - Gandhari

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gandhari (proper name, princess of Gandhara, wife of Dhritarashtra)

Note: Subject of the sentence, the speaker.

शोककर्शिता (śokakarśitā) - emaciated by sorrow, distressed by grief

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śokakarśita

śokakarśita - weakened by sorrow, emaciated by grief, distressed by mourning

Compound type : tṛtīyā tatpuruṣa (śoka+karśita)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• karśita – emaciated, weakened, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of √kṛś (to become thin)
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Describes Gandhari.